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Abstract：
At present, there are no data in the scientific literature on studies aimed at characterizing Passiflora caerulea L. growing in Bulgaria. The present study aimed to investigate the metabolic profile and elemental composition of the leaves and pulp of this Passiflora, as well as to evaluate the antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities of its leaf and pulp extracts. The results showed that the pulp predominantly contained the essential amino acid histidine (7.81 mg g-1), while it was absent in the leaves, with the highest concentration being tryptophan (8.30 mg g-1). Of the fatty acids, palmitoleic acid predominated both in the pulp and in the leaves. A major sterol component was β-sitosterol. Fructose (7.50%) was the predominant sugar in the pulp, while for the leaves, it was glucose-1.51%. Seven elements were identified: sodium, potassium, iron, magnesium, manganese, copper and zinc. The highest concentrations of K and Mg were in the pulp (23,946 mg kg-1 and 1890 mg kg-1) and leaves (36,179 mg kg-1 and 5064 mg kg-1). According to the DPPH, FRAP and CUPRAC methods, the highest values for antioxidant activity were found in 70% ethanolic extracts of the leaves, while for the ABTS method, the highest value was found in 50% ethanolic extracts. In the pulp, for all four methods, the highest values were determined at 50% ethanolic extracts. Regarding the antibacterial activity, the 50% ethanolic leaf extracts were more effective against the Gram-positive bacteria. At the same time, the 70% ethanolic leaf extract was more effective against Gram-negative bacteria such as Salmonella enteritidis ATCC 13076. The leaf extracts exhibited higher anti-inflammatory activity than the extracts prepared from the pulp. The obtained results revealed that P. caerulea is a plant that can be successfully applied as an active ingredient in various nutritional supplements or cosmetic products.
摘要：
目前,科学文献中没有旨在表征保加利亚西番莲的研究数据。本研究旨在研究这种西番莲的叶子和果肉的代谢谱和元素组成，以及评估抗氧化剂，其叶片和纸浆提取物的抗菌和抗炎活性。结果表明，纸浆主要含有必需氨基酸组氨酸（7.81mgg-1），当它不在树叶中时，最高浓度为色氨酸（8.30mgg-1）。在脂肪酸中，棕榈油酸在果肉和叶子中均占主导地位。主要的甾醇组分是β-谷甾醇。果糖（7.50％）是纸浆中的主要糖，而对于树叶，是葡萄糖-1.51%。确定了七个元素：钠，钾，铁,镁，锰，铜和锌。钾和镁的最高浓度在果肉（23,946mgkg-1和1890mgkg-1）和叶片（36,179mgkg-1和5064mgkg-1）中。根据DPPH，FRAP和CUPRAC方法，在叶子的70%乙醇提取物中发现了最高的抗氧化活性值，而对于ABTS方法，在50％的乙醇提取物中发现了最高值。在纸浆中，对于所有四种方法，最高值是在50％的乙醇提取物中确定的。关于抗菌活性，50％的乙醇叶提取物对革兰氏阳性细菌更有效。同时,70%乙醇叶提取物对革兰氏阴性菌如肠炎沙门氏菌ATCC13076更有效。叶提取物显示出比从果肉制备的提取物更高的抗炎活性。所获得的结果表明，P.caerulea是一种植物，可以作为活性成分成功地应用于各种营养补充剂或化妆品产品。
