PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Background: Rehabilitation is an effective and feasible approach for post-COVID patients to improve physical health. However, knowledge regarding the long-term impact of rehabilitation on the physical health of these patients is lacking. Methods: Changes in physical health of 127 patients with COVID-19 as an occupational disease or work accident were assessed in a longitudinal observational study. Post-COVID symptoms, functional status, functional exercise capacity, endurance capacity, physical performance, quadricep strength, handgrip strength, motor balance ability, and self-reported physical performance were examined at the beginning as well as 6 and 12 months after the rehabilitation. Group differences concerning sex, age, acute COVID status, comorbidities prior to COVID-19, and aftercare interventions were also analysed. Results: Even 12 months after rehabilitation, the prevalence of post-COVID symptoms (28.6-94.7%) remained remarkably high in the study population. Significant improvements in various aspects of physical health were observed 6 (r = 0.288-0.755) and 12 months (r = 0.189-0.681) after the rehabilitation. Participants demonstrated enhanced endurance, strength, and balance function, as well as improvement in subjective physical ability. Significant group differences were observed between younger and older patients, those with mild-moderate and severe-critical COVID-19, and patients with and without pre-existing cardiovascular disease, metabolic disease, psychological disease, neuro-sensory disease, musculoskeletal disease, and exercising in an outpatient group. Conclusions: The study identifies persistent challenges in COVID-19 recovery, despite significant improvements in physical health 6 and 12 months after rehabilitation. Further research and the implementation of standardised approaches are required to enhance the outcomes of post-COVID rehabilitation, with a focus on developing personalised care strategies for long-term recovery.
摘要：
背景：康复是COVID后患者改善身体健康的有效可行方法。然而,缺乏有关康复对这些患者身体健康的长期影响的知识。方法：在一项纵向观察性研究中，评估了127例COVID-19为职业病或工作事故的患者的身体健康变化。COVID后症状，功能状态，功能性运动能力，耐力,物理性能，四头肌力量,握力,电机平衡能力，在康复开始以及6和12个月后检查自我报告的身体表现。关于性别的群体差异，年龄,急性COVID状态，还分析了COVID-19之前的合并症和护理干预措施。结果：即使在康复后12个月，在研究人群中,COVID后症状的患病率(28.6-94.7%)仍然非常高.康复后6（r=0.288-0.755）和12个月（r=0.189-0.681）观察到身体健康各个方面的显着改善。参与者表现出增强的耐力，力量,和平衡功能，以及主观体能的提高。在年轻和老年患者之间观察到显著的群体差异，患有轻中度和重症COVID-19的患者，以及患有和不患有心血管疾病的患者，代谢性疾病，心理疾病,神经感觉疾病,肌肉骨骼疾病，在门诊小组锻炼。结论：该研究确定了COVID-19恢复中的持续挑战，尽管康复后6个月和12个月的身体健康有了显着改善。需要进一步研究和实施标准化方法，以增强COVID后康复的成果，专注于制定长期康复的个性化护理策略。
