PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
This study aimed to investigate the effects of bile acids (BAs) supplementation on fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS), production performance, and physiological and quality characteristics of laying hen eggs. Sixty Sanhuang laying hens, aged 28 weeks, were randomly allocated to six dietary treatments over a 4-week period, including the control (CON) group (feeding basal diet), the high-fat diet (HFD)-treated group (basal diet containing 10% soybean oil), and HFD supplemented with 0.01% and 0.02% of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) or hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA) groups. Production performance, egg quality, liver morphology, serum biochemical indexes, antioxidant capacity, proinflammatory cytokines, and intestinal microbiota were evaluated. The average body weight in 0.01% CDCA was larger than in the HFD group (p < 0.05). Eggshell Thickness in the CON group was greater than in the HFD, 0.01% CDCA, and HDCA groups (p < 0.05). Albumen height in the 0.02% HDCA group was higher than the HFD group (p < 0.05). Eggshell weight in the HFD group was less than the CON group (p < 0.05). Haugh unit (HU) in the HDCA group was larger than the HFD group (p < 0.05). Albumen weight in the 0.02% HDCA group was greater than the CON and HFD groups (p < 0.05). In the HFD group, the levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipo-protein cholesterol (LDL-C) were surpassing the other groups (p < 0.05). The levels of catalase (CAT) and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) in the HFD group was smaller than the other groups (p < 0.05). The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the HFD group was higher than in the other groups (p < 0.05). Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were larger in the HFD group than in the other groups (p < 0.05). The 16S rRNA sequencing analysis indicated significant variations in the relative abundance of specific bacterial populations among the different treatment groups. The treatment and CON groups exhibited a higher presence of bacteria that inhibit host energy absorption or promote intestinal health such as Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Ruminococcus, whereas the HFD group showed an increased prevalence of potentially pathogenic or deleterious bacteria, such as Desulfovibrio spp. In conclusion, the supplementation of BAs in poultry feed has been demonstrated to effectively mitigate the detrimental effects of FLHS in laying hens. This intervention regulates lipid metabolism, bolsters antioxidant defenses, reduces inflammation, and modulates the gut microbiota, offering a novel perspective on the application of BAs in the poultry industry.
摘要：
本研究旨在探讨补充胆汁酸对脂肪肝出血性综合征(FLHS)的影响,生产性能，蛋鸡的生理和品质特性。60只三黄蛋鸡，年龄28周，在4周内被随机分配到6种饮食治疗，包括对照（CON）组（饲喂基础饮食），高脂饮食（HFD）治疗组（含10％大豆油的基础饮食），和补充有0.01%和0.02%的鹅去氧胆酸(CDCA)或猪去氧胆酸(HDCA)组的HFD。生产性能,鸡蛋质量,肝脏形态学,血清生化指标,抗氧化能力，促炎细胞因子，和肠道微生物群进行了评估。0.01%CDCA中的平均体重大于HFD组(p<0.05)。CON组的蛋壳厚度大于HFD,0.01%CDCA,和HDCA组(p<0.05)。0.02%HDCA组的卵白高度高于HFD组(p<0.05)。HFD组的蛋壳重量小于CON组（p<0.05）。HDCA组Haugh单位(HU)大于HFD组(p<0.05)。0.02%HDCA组的白蛋白重量大于CON和HFD组(p<0.05)。在HFD组中，甘油三酯（TG）的水平，总胆固醇(TC),低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）高于其他组（p<0.05）。HFD组过氧化氢酶(CAT)和总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)水平低于其他组(p<0.05)。HFD组丙二醛(MDA)水平高于其他组(p<0.05)。HFD组的肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平高于其他组（p<0.05）。16SrRNA测序分析表明不同处理组之间特定细菌种群的相对丰度存在显著差异。治疗组和CON组表现出抑制宿主能量吸收或促进肠道健康的细菌，如Firmicutes，拟杆菌,和Ruminococus,而HFD组显示潜在致病性或有害细菌的患病率增加，如Desulfovibriospp.总之,已证明在家禽饲料中补充BA可有效减轻FLHS对蛋鸡的有害影响。这种干预调节脂质代谢，加强抗氧化防御，减少炎症，调节肠道微生物群，为BAs在家禽业中的应用提供了一个新的视角。
