PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Disability is frequently associated with contextual or lifestyle factors. Some health conditions may affect the prevalence of disability differently, especially for some minority groups. This study aims to assess the impact and contribution of different health conditions to disability burden in Spain in Roma and immigrant populations, compared to the general population.
METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study. We have used data from the Spanish National Survey of 2017 and the National Health Survey of the Roma Population 2014. We have calculated frequencies of demographic variables and prevalence of health conditions grouped by body function. We also have fitted binomial additive hazard models, using the attribution method, to assess disabling impact and contribution of health conditions to disability burden. The software R was used for the computations.
RESULTS: Roma and immigrant populations had worse socioeconomic status than the general population, although the gap was more heavily marked among Roma. Roma population showed a higher prevalence in all health conditions, with a disability prevalence of 57.90%, contrary to the immigrant population, that showed a lower prevalence in all health conditions, including disability (30.79%), than the general population (40.00%). However, all health conditions were more disabling in the immigrant population. Neurological and cardiovascular diseases, and accidents among Roma, were the most disabling conditions. Nevertheless, musculoskeletal, chronic pain, and sensory diseases among Roma, had a greater contribution to disability burden, mainly due to a combination of a great prevalence and a great impact in functions of those health conditions.
CONCLUSIONS: Both ethnicity and migrant status have shown differences in the burden of disability. While in the general population, musculoskeletal problems have the greatest contribution to the disability burden, in immigrants it was chronic pain and in the Roma population it was sensory problems. Disparities by sex were also found, with the contribution of musculoskeletal diseases being more important in females.
METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study. We have used data from the Spanish National Survey of 2017 and the National Health Survey of the Roma Population 2014. We have calculated frequencies of demographic variables and prevalence of health conditions grouped by body function. We also have fitted binomial additive hazard models, using the attribution method, to assess disabling impact and contribution of health conditions to disability burden. The software R was used for the computations.
RESULTS: Roma and immigrant populations had worse socioeconomic status than the general population, although the gap was more heavily marked among Roma. Roma population showed a higher prevalence in all health conditions, with a disability prevalence of 57.90%, contrary to the immigrant population, that showed a lower prevalence in all health conditions, including disability (30.79%), than the general population (40.00%). However, all health conditions were more disabling in the immigrant population. Neurological and cardiovascular diseases, and accidents among Roma, were the most disabling conditions. Nevertheless, musculoskeletal, chronic pain, and sensory diseases among Roma, had a greater contribution to disability burden, mainly due to a combination of a great prevalence and a great impact in functions of those health conditions.
CONCLUSIONS: Both ethnicity and migrant status have shown differences in the burden of disability. While in the general population, musculoskeletal problems have the greatest contribution to the disability burden, in immigrants it was chronic pain and in the Roma population it was sensory problems. Disparities by sex were also found, with the contribution of musculoskeletal diseases being more important in females.
摘要：
背景：残疾通常与背景或生活方式因素相关。一些健康状况可能会对残疾的患病率产生不同的影响，尤其是少数群体。本研究旨在评估不同健康状况对西班牙罗姆人和移民人口残疾负担的影响和贡献。与一般人口相比。
方法：这是一项横断面研究。我们使用了2017年西班牙国家调查和2014年罗姆人国家健康调查的数据。我们已经计算了人口统计学变量的频率和按身体功能分组的健康状况的患病率。我们还拟合了二项加性危害模型，使用归因方法，评估健康状况对残疾负担的影响和贡献。软件R用于计算。
结果：罗姆人和移民人口的社会经济地位比一般人口差，尽管这一差距在罗姆人中更为明显。罗姆人在所有健康状况中的患病率较高，残疾患病率为57.90%，与移民人口相反，这表明在所有健康状况下的患病率较低，包括残疾(30.79%)，比一般人口（40.00%）。然而,在移民人口中，所有健康状况都更加残疾。神经和心血管疾病，罗姆人的事故，是最有害的条件。然而，肌肉骨骼，慢性疼痛,罗姆人的感觉疾病，对残疾负担有更大的贡献，主要是由于这些健康状况的巨大流行和对功能的巨大影响。
结论：种族和移民身份显示出残疾负担的差异。而在一般人群中,肌肉骨骼问题对残疾负担的贡献最大，在移民中，这是慢性疼痛，在罗姆人中，这是感官问题。还发现了性别差异，肌肉骨骼疾病的贡献在女性中更为重要。
方法：这是一项横断面研究。我们使用了2017年西班牙国家调查和2014年罗姆人国家健康调查的数据。我们已经计算了人口统计学变量的频率和按身体功能分组的健康状况的患病率。我们还拟合了二项加性危害模型，使用归因方法，评估健康状况对残疾负担的影响和贡献。软件R用于计算。
结果：罗姆人和移民人口的社会经济地位比一般人口差，尽管这一差距在罗姆人中更为明显。罗姆人在所有健康状况中的患病率较高，残疾患病率为57.90%，与移民人口相反，这表明在所有健康状况下的患病率较低，包括残疾(30.79%)，比一般人口（40.00%）。然而,在移民人口中，所有健康状况都更加残疾。神经和心血管疾病，罗姆人的事故，是最有害的条件。然而，肌肉骨骼，慢性疼痛,罗姆人的感觉疾病，对残疾负担有更大的贡献，主要是由于这些健康状况的巨大流行和对功能的巨大影响。
结论：种族和移民身份显示出残疾负担的差异。而在一般人群中,肌肉骨骼问题对残疾负担的贡献最大，在移民中，这是慢性疼痛，在罗姆人中，这是感官问题。还发现了性别差异，肌肉骨骼疾病的贡献在女性中更为重要。
