PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Functional diversity-i.e., the diversity of morphophysiological characteristics of species in a biological community-revolutionized ecology in recent decades, shifting the focus of the field from species to ecosystems. While its ecological applications are known, its adaptability to other disciplines, specifically music, is explored here. We retrieved fourteen characteristics of 12,944 songs by the top 100 artists of the 2010s decade on four streaming platforms. Then, we calculated the three main components of functional diversity-richness, evenness, and divergence-to each artist using probabilistic hypervolumes. Furthermore, we investigated to what extent functional diversity and the traits of an artist, its albums and songs has an effect on their popularity across streaming platforms such as Spotify. High functional richness, where an artist\'s songs differ greatly sonically, correlated with increased listens of up to 244,300,000. This would lead to estimated profit earnings exceeding $1,000,000 per richness gain. Danceable, highly-energetic, melodic, pop, and, notably, melancholic songs, albums, and artists are more listened to than their counterparts in streaming services. We captured how patterns in human song might reflects the social state of human societies in recent years and demonstrate the potential of applying functional diversity concepts and tools across scientific and economic domains, extending its relevance beyond ecology. By demonstrating applications of state-of-the-art functional diversity metrics using music as a case study, we intent to communicate the often-complex concepts of functional diversity using the familiar realm of music, which is an intrinsic trait of human cultures across the globe.
摘要：
功能多样性-即，近几十年来生物群落中物种形态生理学特征的多样性-革命性的生态学，将该领域的重点从物种转移到生态系统。虽然它的生态应用是众所周知的，它对其他学科的适应性，特别是音乐,在这里探索。我们在四个流媒体平台上检索了2010年代前100名艺术家的12,944首歌曲的14个特征。然后，我们计算了功能多样性-丰富度的三个主要组成部分，均匀度，和分歧-使用概率超量对每个艺术家。此外，我们调查了艺术家的功能多样性和特征在多大程度上，它的专辑和歌曲对它们在Spotify等流媒体平台上的受欢迎程度有影响。功能丰富，一个艺术家的歌曲在声音上有很大的不同，与高达244,300,000的听力增加相关。这将导致估计的利润收益超过每丰富收益100万美元。可跳舞，精力充沛，旋律,pop,and,特别是,忧郁的歌曲，相册,在流媒体服务中，艺术家比他们的同行更容易被倾听。我们捕捉到了人类歌曲中的模式如何反映了近年来人类社会的社会状态，并展示了在科学和经济领域应用功能多样性概念和工具的潜力，将其相关性扩展到生态之外。通过使用音乐作为案例研究来展示最先进的功能多样性指标的应用，我们打算使用熟悉的音乐领域来传达功能多样性的复杂概念，这是全球人类文化的内在特征。
