PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
In light of ongoing shortage of donor organs for transplantation, alternative sources for donor organ sources have been examined to address this supply-demand mismatch. Of these, xenotransplantation, or the transplantation of organs across species, has been considered, with early applications dating back to the 1600s. The purpose of this review is to summarize the early experiences of xenotransplantation, with special focus on heart xenotransplantation. It aims to highlight the important ethical concerns of animal-to-human heart xenotransplantation, identify the key immunological barriers to successful long-term xenograft survival, as well as summarize the progress made in terms of development of pharmacological and genetic engineering strategies to address these barriers. Lastly, we discuss more recent attempts of porcine-to-human heart xenotransplantation, as well as provide some commentary on the current concerns and possible applications for future clinical heart xenotransplantation.
摘要：
鉴于移植供体器官的持续短缺，已经研究了供体器官来源的替代来源，以解决这种供需不匹配。其中,异种移植,或者跨物种的器官移植，已经被考虑过了,早期的应用程序可以追溯到1600年代。这篇综述的目的是总结异种移植的早期经验，特别关注心脏异种移植。它旨在强调动物到人类心脏异种移植的重要伦理问题，确定成功的长期异种移植存活的关键免疫障碍，以及总结了在开发药理学和基因工程策略以解决这些障碍方面取得的进展。最后,我们讨论了猪到人心脏异种移植的最新尝试，并就当前的担忧和未来临床异种心脏移植的可能应用提供一些评论。
