PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Geothermal features, such as hot springs and mud volcanoes, host diverse microbial life, including many extremophile organisms. The physicochemical parameters of the geothermal feature, such as temperature, pH, and heavy metal concentration, can influence the alpha and beta diversity of microbial life in these environments, as can spatiotemporal differences between sites and sampling. In this study, water and sediment samples were collected and analyzed from eight geothermal sites at Yellowstone National Park, including six hot springs, a mud volcano, and an acidic lake within the same week in July 2019, and these geothermal sites varied greatly in their temperature, pH, and chemical composition. All samples were processed and analyzed with the same methodology and taxonomic profiles and alpha and beta diversity metrics determined with 16S rRNA sequencing. These microbial diversity results were then analyzed with respect to pH, temperature, and chemical composition of the geothermal features. Results indicated that predominant microbial species varied greatly depending on the physicochemical composition of the geothermal site, with decreases in pH and increases in dissolved heavy metals in the water corresponding to decreases in alpha diversity, especially in the sediment samples. Similarly, sites with acidic pH values had more similar microbial populations (beta diversity) to one another than to relatively neutral or alkaline pH geothermal sites. This study suggests that pH and/or heavy metal concentration is a more important driver for microbial diversity and population profile than the temperature for these sites and is also the first reported microbial diversity study for multiple geothermal sites in Yellowstone National Park, including the relatively new mud volcano Black Dragon\'s Caldron, which erupted in 1948.
摘要：
地热特征，如温泉和泥火山，寄主不同的微生物生命，包括许多极端微生物。地热特征的物理化学参数，如温度，pH值,和重金属浓度，可以影响这些环境中微生物生命的α和β多样性，站点和采样之间的时空差异也是如此。在这项研究中,从黄石国家公园的八个地热地点收集和分析了水和沉积物样本，包括六个温泉，一座泥火山,在2019年7月的同一周内，一个酸性湖泊，这些地热地点的温度变化很大，pH值,和化学成分。用相同的方法和分类学谱以及用16SrRNA测序确定的α和β多样性度量来处理和分析所有样品。然后分析这些微生物多样性结果与pH值，温度,和地热特征的化学成分。结果表明，根据地热场地的物理化学组成，主要的微生物种类变化很大，随着pH值的降低和水中溶解重金属的增加，对应于α多样性的降低，尤其是在沉积物样本中.同样，与相对中性或碱性pH的地热站点相比，具有酸性pH值的站点彼此之间具有更多相似的微生物种群（β多样性）。这项研究表明，与这些地点的温度相比，pH和/或重金属浓度是微生物多样性和种群分布的更重要的驱动因素，也是黄石国家公园多个地热地点首次报道的微生物多样性研究。包括相对较新的泥火山黑龙Caldron，它在1948年爆发。
