PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: The widespread use of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) has significantly contributed to the reduction in malaria cases and deaths observed across Africa. Unfortunately, this control strategy is threatened by the rapid spread of pyrethroid resistance in malaria vectors. Dual-active-ingredient insecticidal nets are now available to mitigate the impact of pyrethroid resistance. To facilitate evidence-based decisions regarding product selection in specific use settings, data are needed on the efficacy of these different nets against local mosquito populations.
METHODS: Two experimental hut trials were performed in Za-Kpota, southern Benin in 2021 to evaluate the performance of Interceptor G2 (BASF), Royal Guard (Disease Control Technologies) and PermaNet 3.0 (Vestergaard Frandsen), all dual-active-ingredient bednets, in comparison to untreated or standard pyrethroid-treated bednets, against free-flying wild Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes. The performance of some of these next-generation nets was compared to the same type of nets that have been in use for up to 2 years. Mosquitoes collected in the huts were followed up after exposure to assess the sublethal effects of treatments on certain life-history traits.
RESULTS: The predominant species in the study site was Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto (An. gambiae s.s.). Both Anopheles coluzzii and An. gambiae s.s. were resistant to pyrethroids (deltamethrin susceptibility was restored by piperonyl butoxide pre-exposure). In the experimental hut trials, the highest blood-feeding inhibition (5.56%) was recorded for the Royal Guard net, relative to the standard PermaNet 2.0 net (44.44% inhibition). The highest 72-h mortality rate (90.11%) was recorded for the Interceptor G2 net compared to the PermaNet 2.0 net (56.04%). After exposure, the risk of death of An. gambiae sensu lato (An. gambiae s.l.) was 6.5-fold higher with the Interceptor G2 net and 4.4-fold higher with the PermaNet 3.0 net compared to the respective untreated net. Lower mosquito mortality was recorded with an aged Interceptor G2 net compared to a new Interceptor G2 net. Oviposition rates were lower in mosquitoes collected from huts containing ITNs compared to those of untreated controls. None of the mosquitoes collected from huts equipped with Royal Guard nets laid any eggs.
CONCLUSIONS: The Royal Guard and Interceptor G2 nets showed a potential to significantly improve the control of malaria-transmitting vectors. However, the PermaNet 3.0 net remains effective in pyrethroid-resistant areas.
METHODS: Two experimental hut trials were performed in Za-Kpota, southern Benin in 2021 to evaluate the performance of Interceptor G2 (BASF), Royal Guard (Disease Control Technologies) and PermaNet 3.0 (Vestergaard Frandsen), all dual-active-ingredient bednets, in comparison to untreated or standard pyrethroid-treated bednets, against free-flying wild Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes. The performance of some of these next-generation nets was compared to the same type of nets that have been in use for up to 2 years. Mosquitoes collected in the huts were followed up after exposure to assess the sublethal effects of treatments on certain life-history traits.
RESULTS: The predominant species in the study site was Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto (An. gambiae s.s.). Both Anopheles coluzzii and An. gambiae s.s. were resistant to pyrethroids (deltamethrin susceptibility was restored by piperonyl butoxide pre-exposure). In the experimental hut trials, the highest blood-feeding inhibition (5.56%) was recorded for the Royal Guard net, relative to the standard PermaNet 2.0 net (44.44% inhibition). The highest 72-h mortality rate (90.11%) was recorded for the Interceptor G2 net compared to the PermaNet 2.0 net (56.04%). After exposure, the risk of death of An. gambiae sensu lato (An. gambiae s.l.) was 6.5-fold higher with the Interceptor G2 net and 4.4-fold higher with the PermaNet 3.0 net compared to the respective untreated net. Lower mosquito mortality was recorded with an aged Interceptor G2 net compared to a new Interceptor G2 net. Oviposition rates were lower in mosquitoes collected from huts containing ITNs compared to those of untreated controls. None of the mosquitoes collected from huts equipped with Royal Guard nets laid any eggs.
CONCLUSIONS: The Royal Guard and Interceptor G2 nets showed a potential to significantly improve the control of malaria-transmitting vectors. However, the PermaNet 3.0 net remains effective in pyrethroid-resistant areas.
摘要：
背景：杀虫剂处理过的蚊帐（ITN）的广泛使用极大地促进了整个非洲观察到的疟疾病例和死亡人数的减少。不幸的是,这种控制策略受到拟除虫菊酯抗性在疟疾媒介中迅速传播的威胁。现在可以使用双活性成分杀虫网，以减轻拟除虫菊酯抗性的影响。为了促进在特定使用设置中关于产品选择的循证决策，需要有关这些不同蚊帐对当地蚊子种群的功效的数据。
方法：在Za-Kpota中进行了两项实验性小屋试验，2021年贝宁南部评估拦截器G2(巴斯夫)的性能，皇家卫队（疾病控制技术）和PermaNet3.0（VestergaardFrandsen），所有双重活性成分的蚊帐，与未经处理或标准拟除虫菊酯处理的蚊帐相比，对抗自由飞行的冈比亚按蚊。将其中一些下一代网的性能与使用长达2年的相同类型的网进行了比较。暴露后，对收集在小屋中的蚊子进行随访，以评估治疗对某些生活史特征的亚致死作用。
结果：研究地点的主要物种是严格的冈比亚按蚊（An。冈比亚s.s.)。Coluzzii和An。冈比亚s.s.对拟除虫菊酯具有抗性（通过胡椒基丁醚预暴露恢复了溴氰菊酯的敏感性）。在实验小屋试验中，最高的采血抑制(5.56%)记录为皇家卫队网，相对于标准PermaNet2.0净值(44.44%抑制)。与PermaNet2.0网（56.04％）相比，拦截器G2网的72小时死亡率最高（90.11％）。暴露后,An的死亡风险.冈比亚森苏拉托(安。gambiaes.l.）与未处理的相应网相比，拦截器G2网高6.5倍，PermaNet3.0网高4.4倍。与新的拦截器G2网相比，老化的拦截器G2网记录到更低的蚊子死亡率。与未处理的对照相比，从含有ITN的小屋收集的蚊子的产卵率较低。从配备皇家卫队网的小屋收集的蚊子都没有产卵。
结论：皇家卫队和拦截器G2网络显示出显著改善疟疾传播媒介控制的潜力。然而,PermaNet3.0网在耐拟除虫菊酯地区仍然有效。
方法：在Za-Kpota中进行了两项实验性小屋试验，2021年贝宁南部评估拦截器G2(巴斯夫)的性能，皇家卫队（疾病控制技术）和PermaNet3.0（VestergaardFrandsen），所有双重活性成分的蚊帐，与未经处理或标准拟除虫菊酯处理的蚊帐相比，对抗自由飞行的冈比亚按蚊。将其中一些下一代网的性能与使用长达2年的相同类型的网进行了比较。暴露后，对收集在小屋中的蚊子进行随访，以评估治疗对某些生活史特征的亚致死作用。
结果：研究地点的主要物种是严格的冈比亚按蚊（An。冈比亚s.s.)。Coluzzii和An。冈比亚s.s.对拟除虫菊酯具有抗性（通过胡椒基丁醚预暴露恢复了溴氰菊酯的敏感性）。在实验小屋试验中，最高的采血抑制(5.56%)记录为皇家卫队网，相对于标准PermaNet2.0净值(44.44%抑制)。与PermaNet2.0网（56.04％）相比，拦截器G2网的72小时死亡率最高（90.11％）。暴露后,An的死亡风险.冈比亚森苏拉托(安。gambiaes.l.）与未处理的相应网相比，拦截器G2网高6.5倍，PermaNet3.0网高4.4倍。与新的拦截器G2网相比，老化的拦截器G2网记录到更低的蚊子死亡率。与未处理的对照相比，从含有ITN的小屋收集的蚊子的产卵率较低。从配备皇家卫队网的小屋收集的蚊子都没有产卵。
结论：皇家卫队和拦截器G2网络显示出显著改善疟疾传播媒介控制的潜力。然而,PermaNet3.0网在耐拟除虫菊酯地区仍然有效。
