Abstract：
Gender plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of cancer, as well as in the metabolism of nutrients and energy. Men and women display significant differences in the incidence, prognosis, and treatment response across various types of cancer, including certain sex-specific tumors. It has been observed that male glioma patients have a higher incidence and worse prognosis than female patients, but there is currently a limited systematic evaluation of sex differences in gliomas. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the association between fluctuations in sex hormone levels and changes in their receptor expression with the incidence, progression, treatment, and prognosis of gliomas. Estrogen may have a protective effect on glioma patients, while exposure to androgens increases the risk of glioma. We also discussed the specific genetic and molecular differences between genders in terms of the malignant nature and prognosis of gliomas. Factors such as TP53, MGMT methylation status may play a crucial role. Therefore, it is essential to consider the gender of patients while treating glioma, particularly the differences at the hormonal and molecular levels. This approach can help in the adoption of an individualized treatment strategy.
摘要：
性别在癌症的发生发展中起着至关重要的作用,以及营养和能量的代谢。男性和女性在发病率上表现出显著差异，预后,以及不同类型癌症的治疗反应，包括某些性别特异性肿瘤。观察到男性胶质瘤患者比女性患者有更高的发病率和更差的预后。但是目前对神经胶质瘤性别差异的系统评估有限。这项研究的目的是概述性激素水平的波动及其受体表达的变化与发病率之间的关系，programming,治疗,和胶质瘤的预后。雌激素可能对胶质瘤患者有保护作用，而暴露于雄激素会增加神经胶质瘤的风险。我们还讨论了性别之间在神经胶质瘤的恶性性质和预后方面的特定遗传和分子差异。TP53、MGMT等因素的甲基化状态可能起关键作用。因此,在治疗神经胶质瘤时必须考虑患者的性别，特别是荷尔蒙和分子水平的差异。这种方法可以帮助采用个性化的治疗策略。
