Abstract：
Due to their tissue structure similar to mammalian skin and their close evolutionary relationship with chordates, holothurians (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) are particularly interesting for studies on wound healing. However, previous studies dealing with holothuroid wound healing have had limited approaches, being restricted to tissue repair or perivisceral immune response. In this study, we combined tissue, cellular and humoral parameters to study the wound healing process of Holothuria grisea. The immune responses of the perivisceral coelom were assessed by analyzing the number, proportion and viability of coelomocytes and the volume and protein concentration of the coelomic fluid. Additionally, the morphology of the healing tissue and number of coelomocytes in the connective tissue of different body wall layers were examined over 30 days. Our results showed that perivisceral reactions started 3 h after injury and decreased to baseline levels within 24 h. In contrast, tissue responses were delayed, beginning after 12 h and returning to baseline levels only after day 10. The number of coelomocytes in the connective tissue suggests a potential cooperation between these cells during wound healing: phagocytes and acidophilic spherulocytes act together in tissue clearance/homeostasis, whereas fibroblast-like and morula cells cooperate in tissue remodeling. Finally, our results indicate that the major phases observed in mammalian wound healing are also observed in H. grisea, despite occurring at a different timing, which might provide insights for future studies. Based on these data, we propose a model that explains the entire healing process in H. grisea.
摘要：
由于它们的组织结构类似于哺乳动物的皮肤，以及它们与脊索的密切进化关系，Holothurians（棘皮动物：Holothuroidea）对于伤口愈合的研究特别有趣。然而,以前的研究涉及齿外伤口愈合的方法有限，仅限于组织修复或内脏周围免疫反应。在这项研究中,我们结合了组织，细胞和体液参数，以研究Holothuriagrisea的伤口愈合过程。通过分析内脏腔的数量来评估内脏周围的免疫反应，腔体细胞的比例和活力以及腔体液的体积和蛋白质浓度。此外,在30天的时间内，对不同体壁层结缔组织中的愈合组织形态和腔体细胞数量进行了检查。我们的结果表明，内脏周围反应在损伤后3小时开始，并在24小时内下降到基线水平。组织反应延迟，12小时后开始，直到第10天之后才恢复到基线水平。结缔组织中的腔体细胞数量表明伤口愈合过程中这些细胞之间的潜在合作：吞噬细胞和嗜酸粒细胞共同作用于组织清除/稳态，而成纤维细胞样细胞和桑态度细胞在组织重塑中合作。最后,我们的结果表明，在哺乳动物伤口愈合中观察到的主要阶段也在H.grisea中观察到，尽管发生在不同的时间，这可能为未来的研究提供见解。基于这些数据,我们提出了一个模型来解释整个治疗过程。
