Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Drowning is an important contributor to the burden of deaths in China. Exposure to open water is a risk factor for drowning, but few studies quantify its impact on drowning. The purpose of this study was to provide an up-to-date analysis of unintentional drowning in China, including impact of exposure to open water.
METHODS: Chinese provincial data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 were used to describe the burden of unintentional drowning in 33 provinces and changes from 1990 to 2019. Provincial outdoor open water resource data were used to explore the relationship between outdoor open water resources and drowning burden using K-median clustering analysis.
RESULTS: Between 1990 and 2019, the unintentional drowning incidence, mortality and disability adjusted life years (DALY) rates declined by 31.2%, 68.6% and 74.9%, respectively, with differences by age, sex and province. In 2019, the DALY rate for drowning was relatively higher in children under 20 year, the elderly over 80 years than other age groups and was relatively higher in men. There was no statistical difference in overall incidence rate by sex. Provincial differences in unintentional drowning burden show a positive relationship with the availability and size of outdoor open water.
CONCLUSIONS: As expected availability of water increases drowning risk. There is a need to address drowning environmental risk especially among children and the elderly. Localised water safety plans which consider drowning burden and environmental risk factors are needed in China to ensure a sustained decline of unintentional drowning.
METHODS: Chinese provincial data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 were used to describe the burden of unintentional drowning in 33 provinces and changes from 1990 to 2019. Provincial outdoor open water resource data were used to explore the relationship between outdoor open water resources and drowning burden using K-median clustering analysis.
RESULTS: Between 1990 and 2019, the unintentional drowning incidence, mortality and disability adjusted life years (DALY) rates declined by 31.2%, 68.6% and 74.9%, respectively, with differences by age, sex and province. In 2019, the DALY rate for drowning was relatively higher in children under 20 year, the elderly over 80 years than other age groups and was relatively higher in men. There was no statistical difference in overall incidence rate by sex. Provincial differences in unintentional drowning burden show a positive relationship with the availability and size of outdoor open water.
CONCLUSIONS: As expected availability of water increases drowning risk. There is a need to address drowning environmental risk especially among children and the elderly. Localised water safety plans which consider drowning burden and environmental risk factors are needed in China to ensure a sustained decline of unintentional drowning.
摘要：
背景：溺水是中国死亡负担的重要原因。暴露在开放水域是溺水的危险因素，但很少有研究量化其对溺水的影响。这项研究的目的是提供中国无意溺水的最新分析，包括暴露于开放水域的影响。
方法：来自2019年全球疾病负担研究的中国省级数据用于描述33个省的意外溺水负担以及1990年至2019年的变化。利用省级室外开放水资源数据，利用K-median聚类分析探讨室外开放水资源与溺水负担的关系。
结果：在1990年至2019年之间，无意溺水的发生率，死亡率和残疾调整寿命年(DALY)率下降了31.2%，68.6%和74.9%，分别,根据年龄的不同，性别和省份。2019年，20岁以下儿童的溺水率相对较高，80岁以上的老年人高于其他年龄组，男性相对较高。不同性别的总发病率无统计学差异。意外溺水负担的省际差异与室外开放水域的可用性和大小呈正相关。
结论：预期的水可用性会增加溺水风险。有必要解决溺水环境风险，特别是儿童和老年人。中国需要考虑溺水负担和环境风险因素的局部水安全计划，以确保意外溺水的持续下降。
方法：来自2019年全球疾病负担研究的中国省级数据用于描述33个省的意外溺水负担以及1990年至2019年的变化。利用省级室外开放水资源数据，利用K-median聚类分析探讨室外开放水资源与溺水负担的关系。
结果：在1990年至2019年之间，无意溺水的发生率，死亡率和残疾调整寿命年(DALY)率下降了31.2%，68.6%和74.9%，分别,根据年龄的不同，性别和省份。2019年，20岁以下儿童的溺水率相对较高，80岁以上的老年人高于其他年龄组，男性相对较高。不同性别的总发病率无统计学差异。意外溺水负担的省际差异与室外开放水域的可用性和大小呈正相关。
结论：预期的水可用性会增加溺水风险。有必要解决溺水环境风险，特别是儿童和老年人。中国需要考虑溺水负担和环境风险因素的局部水安全计划，以确保意外溺水的持续下降。
