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Abstract：
Ghaf, a resilient tree in arid environments, plays a critical role in ecological restoration, desertification mitigation, and cultural heritage preservation. However, the seeds\' inherent challenges, notably their hard outer coating restricting germination, emphasize the pressing need for innovative strategies. This work aimed to investigate the optimization of Ghaf seed germination process through seed priming with ZnO nanoparticles treatment (duration (t), concentration (c), temperature (T), and agitation (a), employing the Taguchi method for efficient experimental design. Furthermore, the study includes Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), analysis for the regression model to assess the significance of predictor variables and their interactions, thereby strengthening the statistical validity of our optimization approach. Notably, it revealed that concentration is a pivotal influencer in optimization of Ghaf seed germination. The results showed that the concentration of ZnO nanoparticles has no linear relation with any other parameters. To verify the outcomes, validation tests were performed utilizing the predicted optimal parameters. The observed low error ratio, falling within the range of 1 to 6%, confirmed the success of the Taguchi methodology in identifying optimal levels of the factors chosen. Significantly, ZnO-primed seeds showcased a remarkable enhancement in Ghaf seed germination, increasing from 15 to 88%. This study introduces a novel approach utilizing ZnO nanoparticle treatment optimized through the Taguchi method, significantly enhancing seed germination rates of Ghaf seeds and offering a promising avenue for sustainable agricultural practices in arid environments.
摘要：
Ghaf,干旱环境中的弹性树，在生态修复中起着至关重要的作用，荒漠化缓解，和文化遗产保护。然而,种子\'固有的挑战，特别是它们坚硬的外涂层限制发芽，强调迫切需要创新战略。本工作旨在研究通过用ZnO纳米颗粒处理种子引发来优化Ghaf种子萌发过程（持续时间（t），浓度（c），温度(T),和激动（a），采用田口方法进行有效的实验设计。此外，该研究包括方差分析(ANOVA)，回归模型分析，以评估预测变量及其相互作用的显著性，从而加强了我们优化方法的统计有效性。值得注意的是,结果表明，浓度是Ghaf种子萌发优化的关键影响因素。结果表明，ZnO纳米粒子的浓度与其他参数没有线性关系。为了验证结果，利用预测的最佳参数进行验证测试。观察到的低错误率，在1%到6%的范围内，证实了Taguchi方法在确定所选因素的最佳水平方面的成功。重要的是,ZnO引发的种子显示出Ghaf种子萌发的显着增强，从15%增加到88%。这项研究介绍了一种新的方法，利用ZnO纳米颗粒处理通过田口方法优化，显着提高Ghaf种子的种子发芽率，并为干旱环境中的可持续农业实践提供了有希望的途径。
