PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND The effects of cigarette smoking on the health of active smokers and passive smokers have long been known, in contrast to the effects of alternative forms of nicotine intake that are gaining popularity. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of smoking traditional cigarettes and alternative forms of nicotine intake on the functional state of the respiratory system of smokers and non-smokers. MATERIAL AND METHODS Study participants (n=60) were divided into 3 groups: non-smokers (control group), cigarette smokers, and nicotine alternative users. Respiratory function testing (spirometry), forced oscillation technique, and measurement of respiratory muscle strength (PImax, PEmax) were performed. All of the above respiratory function tests were performed in accordance with European Respiratory Society and American Thoracic Society recommendations. RESULTS Smokers and those using alternative forms of nicotine intake had significantly higher values, including resistance at 5 Hz% and 11 Hz%, among others. CONCLUSIONS Smokers and users of alternative forms of nicotine are characterized by reduced flow through the small bronchioles, as evidenced by a reduction in maximal expiratory flow at 25% of vital capacity. Smokers and users of alternative forms of nicotine have higher resistance values at the height of small and medium bronchioles. Assessment method of technical forced oscillation parameters is simple to perform to detect early airway changes and is an important element in the early diagnosis of changes in smokers. The correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between age of smoking initiation/use of alternative forms of nicotine and changes in mid bronchial resistance.
摘要：
背景技术吸烟对主动吸烟者和被动吸烟者的健康的影响早已为人所知。与越来越受欢迎的尼古丁摄入替代形式的影响相反。该研究的目的是评估吸烟传统香烟和尼古丁摄入的替代形式对吸烟者和非吸烟者呼吸系统功能状态的影响。材料与方法研究参与者（n=60）分为3组：非吸烟者（对照组），吸烟者,和尼古丁替代使用者。呼吸功能测试（肺活量测定），强迫振荡技术，和呼吸肌力量的测量(PImax，PEmax)进行。所有上述呼吸功能测试均按照欧洲呼吸学会和美国胸科学会的建议进行。结果吸烟者和使用替代形式的尼古丁摄入量的吸烟者具有明显更高的值，包括5Hz％和11Hz％时的电阻，在其他人中。结论吸烟者和尼古丁替代形式的使用者的特征是通过小细支气管的流量减少，肺活量25%时最大呼气流量减少证明了这一点。吸烟者和尼古丁替代形式的使用者在中小型细支气管的高度具有较高的电阻值。技术强迫振荡参数的评估方法操作简单，可以检测早期气道变化，是吸烟者早期诊断变化的重要内容。相关性分析显示，吸烟开始/使用替代形式的尼古丁的年龄与中期支气管阻力的变化之间存在显着相关性。
