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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: This study investigated the effects of changes in motor skills from an educational video program on the kinematic and kinetic variables of the lower extremity joints and knee ligament load.
METHODS: Twenty male participants (age: 22.2 ± 2.60 y; height: 1.70 ± 6.2 m; weight: 65.4 ± 7.01 kg; BMI: 23.32 ± 2.49 [Formula: see text]) were instructed to run at 4.5 ± 0.2 m/s from a 5 m distance posterior to the force plate, land their foot on the force plate, and perform the cutting maneuver on the left. The educational video program for cutting maneuvers consisted of preparatory posture, foot landing orientation, gaze and trunk directions, soft landing, and eversion angle. The measured variables were the angle, angular velocity of lower extremity joints, ground reaction force (GRF), moment, and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and medial collateral ligament (MCL) forces through musculoskeletal modeling.
RESULTS: After the video feedback, the hip joint angles increased in flexion, abduction, and external rotation (p < 0.05), and the angular velocity increased in extension (p < 0.05). The ankle joint angles increased in dorsiflexion (p < 0.05), and the angular velocity decreased in dorsiflexion (p < 0.05) but increased in abduction (p < 0.05). The GRF increased in the anterior-posterior and medial-lateral directions and decreased vertically (p < 0.05). The hip joint moments decreased in extension and external rotation (p < 0.05) but increased in adduction (p < 0.05). The knee joint moments were decreased in extension, adduction, and external rotation (p < 0.05). The abduction moment of the ankle joint decreased (p < 0.001). There were differences in the support zone corresponding to 64‒87% of the hip frontal moment (p < 0.001) and 32‒100% of the hip horizontal moment (p < 0.001) and differences corresponding to 32‒100% of the knee frontal moment and 21‒100% of the knee horizontal moment (p < 0.001). The GRF varied in the support zone at 44‒95% in the medial-lateral direction and at 17‒43% and 73‒100% in the vertical direction (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Injury prevention feedback reduced the load on the lower extremity joints during cutting maneuvers, which reduced the knee ligament load, mainly on the MCL.
METHODS: Twenty male participants (age: 22.2 ± 2.60 y; height: 1.70 ± 6.2 m; weight: 65.4 ± 7.01 kg; BMI: 23.32 ± 2.49 [Formula: see text]) were instructed to run at 4.5 ± 0.2 m/s from a 5 m distance posterior to the force plate, land their foot on the force plate, and perform the cutting maneuver on the left. The educational video program for cutting maneuvers consisted of preparatory posture, foot landing orientation, gaze and trunk directions, soft landing, and eversion angle. The measured variables were the angle, angular velocity of lower extremity joints, ground reaction force (GRF), moment, and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and medial collateral ligament (MCL) forces through musculoskeletal modeling.
RESULTS: After the video feedback, the hip joint angles increased in flexion, abduction, and external rotation (p < 0.05), and the angular velocity increased in extension (p < 0.05). The ankle joint angles increased in dorsiflexion (p < 0.05), and the angular velocity decreased in dorsiflexion (p < 0.05) but increased in abduction (p < 0.05). The GRF increased in the anterior-posterior and medial-lateral directions and decreased vertically (p < 0.05). The hip joint moments decreased in extension and external rotation (p < 0.05) but increased in adduction (p < 0.05). The knee joint moments were decreased in extension, adduction, and external rotation (p < 0.05). The abduction moment of the ankle joint decreased (p < 0.001). There were differences in the support zone corresponding to 64‒87% of the hip frontal moment (p < 0.001) and 32‒100% of the hip horizontal moment (p < 0.001) and differences corresponding to 32‒100% of the knee frontal moment and 21‒100% of the knee horizontal moment (p < 0.001). The GRF varied in the support zone at 44‒95% in the medial-lateral direction and at 17‒43% and 73‒100% in the vertical direction (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Injury prevention feedback reduced the load on the lower extremity joints during cutting maneuvers, which reduced the knee ligament load, mainly on the MCL.
摘要：
背景：这项研究调查了来自教育视频节目的运动技能变化对下肢关节和膝关节韧带负荷的运动学和动力学变量的影响。
方法：20名男性参与者（年龄：22.2±2.60岁；身高：1.70±6.2m；体重：65.4±7.01kg；BMI：23.32±2.49[公式：见正文]）被指示以4.5±0.2m/s的速度从力量板后方5m处跑，把他们的脚放在力量板上，在左边执行切割操作。切割动作的教育视频节目包括准备姿势，脚着陆方向,凝视和躯干方向，软着陆,和外翻角度。测量的变量是角度，下肢关节角速度,地面反作用力(GRF),瞬间,和前交叉韧带（ACL）和内侧副韧带（MCL）的力量通过肌肉骨骼建模。
结果：在视频反馈之后，髋关节角度在屈曲时增加，绑架,和外部旋转（p<0.05），角速度随着伸展而增加(p<0.05)。踝关节角度在背屈时增加（p<0.05），背屈角速度降低（p<0.05），外展角速度增加（p<0.05）。GRF在前-后和内-外侧方向上增加，在垂直方向上减少（p<0.05）。髋关节力矩在伸展和外旋方面减少（p<0.05），但在内收方面增加（p<0.05）。膝关节的伸展力矩减少，内收,和外部旋转（p<0.05）。踝关节外展力矩降低(p<0.001)。对应于64-87％的髋部正面力矩（p<0.001）和32-100％的髋部水平力矩（p<0.001）的支撑区存在差异，对应于32-100％的膝盖正面力矩和21-100％的膝盖水平力矩（p<0.001）。GRF在支撑区的内侧-外侧方向上的变化为44-95％，在垂直方向上的变化为17-43％和73-100％（p<0.001）。
结论：损伤预防反馈减少了切割动作中下肢关节的负荷，减少了膝盖韧带的负荷，主要是MCL。
方法：20名男性参与者（年龄：22.2±2.60岁；身高：1.70±6.2m；体重：65.4±7.01kg；BMI：23.32±2.49[公式：见正文]）被指示以4.5±0.2m/s的速度从力量板后方5m处跑，把他们的脚放在力量板上，在左边执行切割操作。切割动作的教育视频节目包括准备姿势，脚着陆方向,凝视和躯干方向，软着陆,和外翻角度。测量的变量是角度，下肢关节角速度,地面反作用力(GRF),瞬间,和前交叉韧带（ACL）和内侧副韧带（MCL）的力量通过肌肉骨骼建模。
结果：在视频反馈之后，髋关节角度在屈曲时增加，绑架,和外部旋转（p<0.05），角速度随着伸展而增加(p<0.05)。踝关节角度在背屈时增加（p<0.05），背屈角速度降低（p<0.05），外展角速度增加（p<0.05）。GRF在前-后和内-外侧方向上增加，在垂直方向上减少（p<0.05）。髋关节力矩在伸展和外旋方面减少（p<0.05），但在内收方面增加（p<0.05）。膝关节的伸展力矩减少，内收,和外部旋转（p<0.05）。踝关节外展力矩降低(p<0.001)。对应于64-87％的髋部正面力矩（p<0.001）和32-100％的髋部水平力矩（p<0.001）的支撑区存在差异，对应于32-100％的膝盖正面力矩和21-100％的膝盖水平力矩（p<0.001）。GRF在支撑区的内侧-外侧方向上的变化为44-95％，在垂直方向上的变化为17-43％和73-100％（p<0.001）。
结论：损伤预防反馈减少了切割动作中下肢关节的负荷，减少了膝盖韧带的负荷，主要是MCL。
