Abstract：
The current status of environmental pollution by heavy metals (HMs) will affect the entire ecosystem components. The results obtained so far indicate that some plants can be effective in removing toxic metals from the soil. For this purpose, the phytoremediation ability of three fleshy ornamental plants; cactus (Opuntia humifusa), kalanchoe (Kalanchoe blossfeldiana) and bryophyllum (Bryophyllum delagoensis), was evaluated under the stress of HMs. These succulents are known for their remarkable adaptive capabilities, allowing them to thrive in harsh environmental conditions, including those with high levels of contaminants. Their robust nature, efficient water-use strategies, and proven potential for heavy metal accumulation made them viable candidates for investigating their phytoremediation potential. This experiment was performed as factorial based on completely randomized block design with two factors; the first factor included the type of plant in 3 levels (cactus, kalanchoe and bryophyllum) and the second one included the type of metal in 5 levels (control, silver, cadmium, lead and nickel) in 3 repetitions. The concentration of each salt used was 100 ppm. The measured parameters included stem height, relative growth, diameter, dry matter percentage of root and shoot, chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll, carotenoid, anthocyanin, proline, and elements of nickel, silver, lead and cadmium, as well biological concentration factor. The results showed that the highest amount of final stem height, relative growth, dry matter percentage of shoot and the highest amount of chlorophyll a and b, carotenoid and anthocyanin were obtained in bryophyllum. Also, the results of mean comparison of the data related to the effect of metal type on the plants showed that the highest amount of carotenoid, anthocyanin and biological concentration factor were induced by cadmium. On the other hand, the highest and lowest amount of proline as well anthocyanin and proline were induced by silver and lead, respectively. Totally, bryophyllum had a high resistance to HMs and the examined HMs had less effect on the growth of this plant. Cactus, among trial species, exhibited superior potential for HM absorption compared to kalanchoe and bryophyllum. The study underscores cactus as an excellent phytoremediator.
摘要：
重金属（HM）环境污染的现状将影响整个生态系统的组成部分。到目前为止获得的结果表明，一些植物可以有效地从土壤中去除有毒金属。为此,三种肉质观赏植物的植物修复能力；仙人掌（仙人掌），kalanchoe（Kalanchoeblossfeldiana）和苔藓（Bryophylumdelagoensis），在HMs的压力下进行了评估。这些多肉植物以其非凡的适应能力而闻名，让它们在恶劣的环境条件下茁壮成长，包括那些污染物含量高的。他们健壮的本性，有效的用水策略，和被证明的重金属积累潜力使它们成为研究其植物修复潜力的可行候选者。本实验基于两个因素的完全随机区组设计作为阶乘进行；第一个因素包括3个水平的植物类型（仙人掌，kalanchoe和苔藓），第二个包括5个级别的金属类型（对照，银,镉,铅和镍）重复3次。所用的每种盐的浓度为100ppm。测量的参数包括阀杆高度，相对增长，直径,根和芽的干物质百分比，叶绿素a,b和总叶绿素，类胡萝卜素，花青素,脯氨酸,和镍元素，银,铅和镉，以及生物浓度因子。结果表明，最终茎高的最高量，相对增长，枝干物质百分比和叶绿素a和b的最高量，在苔藓中获得了类胡萝卜素和花色苷。此外，与金属类型对植物的影响有关的数据的平均比较结果表明，类胡萝卜素的含量最高，花青素和生物富集因子被镉诱导。另一方面,脯氨酸的最高和最低含量以及花青素和脯氨酸是由银和铅诱导的，分别。完全正确,苔藓对HMs具有很高的抗性，所检查的HMs对该植物的生长影响较小。仙人掌,在试验物种中，与kalanchoe和苔藓相比，显示出更好的HM吸收潜力。该研究强调仙人掌是一种出色的植物修复剂。
