Abstract：
Aging is characterized by the decline in many of the individual\'s capabilities. It has been recognized that the brain undergoes structural and functional changes during aging that are occasionally associated with the development of neurodegenerative diseases. In this sense, altered glutamatergic neurotransmission, which involves the release, binding, reuptake, and degradation of glutamate (Glu) in the brain, has been widely studied in physiological and pathophysiological aging. In particular, changes in glutamatergic neurotransmission are exacerbated during neurodegenerative diseases and are associated with cognitive impairment, characterized by difficulties in memory, learning, concentration, and decision-making. Thus, in the present manuscript, we aim to highlight the relevance of glutamatergic neurotransmission during cognitive impairment to develop novel strategies to prevent, ameliorate, or delay cognitive decline. To achieve this goal, we provide a comprehensive review of the changes reported in glutamatergic neurotransmission components, such as Glu transporters and receptors during physiological aging and in the most studied neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, we describe the current therapeutic strategies developed to target glutamatergic neurotransmission.
摘要：
衰老的特征是许多个人能力的下降。已经认识到，大脑在衰老过程中经历结构和功能变化，这些变化偶尔与神经退行性疾病的发展有关。在这个意义上,谷氨酸能神经传递改变,这涉及到释放，绑定,再摄取,以及大脑中谷氨酸（Glu）的降解，在生理和病理生理衰老中得到了广泛的研究。特别是,谷氨酸能神经传递的变化在神经退行性疾病期间加剧，并与认知障碍有关，以记忆困难为特征，学习,浓度,和决策。因此，在目前的手稿中，我们的目标是强调在认知障碍期间谷氨酸能神经传递的相关性，以开发新的预防策略，改善，或延缓认知能力下降。为了实现这一目标,我们对谷氨酸能神经传递成分的变化进行了全面的综述，如Glu转运蛋白和受体在生理老化和研究最多的神经退行性疾病。最后,我们描述了目前针对谷氨酸能神经传递的治疗策略.
