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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is the predominant cause of acute viral hepatitis worldwide; however, data on HAV antibody prevalence (seroprevalence) among migrant populations are limited. This study aimed to investigate HAV seroprevalence among Qatar\'s migrant craft and manual workers (CMWs), constituting approximately 60% of the country\'s population.
METHODS: HAV antibody testing was conducted on stored serum specimens obtained from CMWs during a nationwide severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) population-based cross-sectional survey between July 26 and September 9, 2020. Associations with HAV infection were investigated through regression analyses.
RESULTS: Of the 2,607 specimens with HAV antibody test results, 2,393 were positive, and 214 were negative. The estimated HAV seroprevalence among CMWs was 92.0% (95% CI: 90.9-93.1%). HAV seroprevalence was generally high but exhibited some variation, ranging from 70.9% (95% CI: 62.4-78.2%) among Sri Lankans to 99.8% (95% CI: 98.2-99.9%) among Pakistanis. The multivariable regression analysis identified age, nationality, and educational attainment as statistically significant factors associated with HAV infection. Relative to CMWs aged ≤29 years, the adjusted relative risk (ARR) was 1.06 (95% CI: 1.03-1.10) in CMWs aged 30-39 years and reached 1.15 (95% CI: 1.10-1.19) in those aged ≥50 years. In comparison to Indians, the ARR was lower among Sri Lankans, assessed at 0.81 (95% CI: 0.72-0.91), but higher among Nepalese at 1.07 (95% CI: 1.04-1.11), Bangladeshis at 1.10 (95% CI: 1.07-1.13), Pakistanis at 1.12 (95% CI: 1.09-1.15), and Egyptians at 1.15 (95% CI: 1.08-1.23). No evidence for differences was found by geographic location or occupation.
CONCLUSIONS: HAV seroprevalence among Qatar\'s CMW population is very high, with over nine out of every ten individuals having been exposed to this infection, likely during childhood.
METHODS: HAV antibody testing was conducted on stored serum specimens obtained from CMWs during a nationwide severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) population-based cross-sectional survey between July 26 and September 9, 2020. Associations with HAV infection were investigated through regression analyses.
RESULTS: Of the 2,607 specimens with HAV antibody test results, 2,393 were positive, and 214 were negative. The estimated HAV seroprevalence among CMWs was 92.0% (95% CI: 90.9-93.1%). HAV seroprevalence was generally high but exhibited some variation, ranging from 70.9% (95% CI: 62.4-78.2%) among Sri Lankans to 99.8% (95% CI: 98.2-99.9%) among Pakistanis. The multivariable regression analysis identified age, nationality, and educational attainment as statistically significant factors associated with HAV infection. Relative to CMWs aged ≤29 years, the adjusted relative risk (ARR) was 1.06 (95% CI: 1.03-1.10) in CMWs aged 30-39 years and reached 1.15 (95% CI: 1.10-1.19) in those aged ≥50 years. In comparison to Indians, the ARR was lower among Sri Lankans, assessed at 0.81 (95% CI: 0.72-0.91), but higher among Nepalese at 1.07 (95% CI: 1.04-1.11), Bangladeshis at 1.10 (95% CI: 1.07-1.13), Pakistanis at 1.12 (95% CI: 1.09-1.15), and Egyptians at 1.15 (95% CI: 1.08-1.23). No evidence for differences was found by geographic location or occupation.
CONCLUSIONS: HAV seroprevalence among Qatar\'s CMW population is very high, with over nine out of every ten individuals having been exposed to this infection, likely during childhood.
摘要：
背景：甲型肝炎病毒（HAV）是世界范围内急性病毒性肝炎的主要原因；然而，关于移民人群中HAV抗体患病率(血清阳性率)的数据有限.本研究旨在调查卡塔尔移民手工工人和体力劳动者(CMW)的HAV血清阳性率，约占全国人口的60%。
方法：在2020年7月26日至9月9日进行的全国性严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）人群横断面调查中，对从CMW获得的储存血清标本进行了HAV抗体检测。通过回归分析研究与HAV感染的关联。
结果：在具有HAV抗体检测结果的2,607个样本中，2,393为阳性，214是阴性。估计CMW中的HAV血清阳性率为92.0％（95％CI：90.9-93.1％）。HAV血清阳性率普遍较高，但表现出一些变异，范围从70.9%(95%CI:62.4-78.2%)在斯里兰卡和99.8%(95%CI:98.2-99.9%)在巴基斯坦。多元回归分析确定了年龄，国籍,和教育程度是与HAV感染相关的统计学显著因素。相对于年龄≤29岁的CMW，30~39岁CMW的校正相对危险度(ARR)为1.06(95%CI:1.03~1.10),≥50岁CMW的校正相对危险度(ARR)为1.15(95%CI:1.10~1.19).与印度人相比，斯里兰卡的ARR较低，评估为0.81（95%CI：0.72-0.91），但尼泊尔人较高，为1.07（95%CI：1.04-1.11），孟加拉国为1.10（95%CI：1.07-1.13），巴基斯坦人在1.12（95%CI：1.09-1.15），和埃及人在1.15（95%CI：1.08-1.23）。没有发现因地理位置或职业而异的证据。
结论：卡塔尔CMW人群中的HAV血清阳性率非常高，每10个人中就有9个人暴露于这种感染，可能在童年。
方法：在2020年7月26日至9月9日进行的全国性严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）人群横断面调查中，对从CMW获得的储存血清标本进行了HAV抗体检测。通过回归分析研究与HAV感染的关联。
结果：在具有HAV抗体检测结果的2,607个样本中，2,393为阳性，214是阴性。估计CMW中的HAV血清阳性率为92.0％（95％CI：90.9-93.1％）。HAV血清阳性率普遍较高，但表现出一些变异，范围从70.9%(95%CI:62.4-78.2%)在斯里兰卡和99.8%(95%CI:98.2-99.9%)在巴基斯坦。多元回归分析确定了年龄，国籍,和教育程度是与HAV感染相关的统计学显著因素。相对于年龄≤29岁的CMW，30~39岁CMW的校正相对危险度(ARR)为1.06(95%CI:1.03~1.10),≥50岁CMW的校正相对危险度(ARR)为1.15(95%CI:1.10~1.19).与印度人相比，斯里兰卡的ARR较低，评估为0.81（95%CI：0.72-0.91），但尼泊尔人较高，为1.07（95%CI：1.04-1.11），孟加拉国为1.10（95%CI：1.07-1.13），巴基斯坦人在1.12（95%CI：1.09-1.15），和埃及人在1.15（95%CI：1.08-1.23）。没有发现因地理位置或职业而异的证据。
结论：卡塔尔CMW人群中的HAV血清阳性率非常高，每10个人中就有9个人暴露于这种感染，可能在童年。
