Abstract：
The objective of this study was to establish the pharmacokinetics of a single oral dose of trazodone in the Hispaniolan Amazon parrot (Amazona ventralis). Trazodone is a selective serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitor used commonly in both human and veterinary medicine as an antidepressant behavioral modification medicine. A single oral dose of compounded trazodone hydrochloride solution (20 mg/mL) at 50 mg/kg was administered to a total of 7 healthy adult Hispaniolan Amazon parrots. The 7 healthy adult parrots ranged in age from 10 to 15 years and weighed 228 to 323g. Blood was collected at baseline (2 weeks before study) and at 1, 2, 4, 6, 10, and 14 hours post-drug administration. Plasma concentrations of both trazodone and its active metabolite m-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP) were measured via liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Noncompartmental pharmacokinetic analysis was completed. The half-life (t1/2) ± SD of trazodone for the Hispaniolan parrots was 1.89 ± 0.49 hours, and the t1/2 ± SD of mCPP metabolite was 1.9 ± 0.55 hours. Maximum serum drug concentrations, or Cmax (ng/mL), were 738.3 ± 285.3 for trazodone. Times to achieve Cmax (hours) for trazadone and the mCPP metabolite were 1 hour and 2 hours postdosing, respectively. While this study did not establish the behavioral effects of trazodone, no adverse side effects were observed throughout the 48-hour period following drug administration and blood collection. Our results indicate that the oral administration of a 50-mg/kg single dose of trazodone to Hispaniolan parrots may be considered a safe dose. Plasma concentrations are comparable to previously published values in humans, dogs, horses, and pigeons (Columba livia domestica) for up to 14 hours following dosing. This study indicates that further studies are needed to establish the pharmacodynamics and the efficacy of trazodone in the medical management of behavioral problems in psittacine species.
摘要：
这项研究的目的是建立单剂量口服曲唑酮在Hispaniolan亚马逊鹦鹉（Amazonaventralis）中的药代动力学。曲唑酮是一种选择性5-羟色胺拮抗剂和再摄取抑制剂，通常在人类和兽医学中用作抗抑郁行为修饰药物。向总共7只健康成年Hispaniolan亚马逊鹦鹉施用50mg/kg的单一口服剂量的复合曲唑酮盐酸盐溶液(20mg/mL)。7只健康的成年鹦鹉的年龄为10至15岁，体重为228至323g。在基线(研究前2周)和给药后1、2、4、6、10和14小时收集血液。通过液相色谱串联质谱法测量曲唑酮及其活性代谢物间氯苯基哌嗪（mCPP）的血浆浓度。完成非房室药代动力学分析。曲唑酮对西班牙鹦鹉的半衰期（t1/2）±SD为1.89±0.49小时，mCPP代谢物的t1/2±SD为1.9±0.55小时。最大血清药物浓度，或Cmax（ng/mL），曲唑酮为738.3±285.3。曲氮酮和mCPP代谢物达到Cmax（小时）的时间为给药后1小时和2小时，分别。虽然这项研究没有建立曲唑酮的行为效应，在给药和采血后的48小时内,均未观察到不良副作用.我们的结果表明，向Hispaniolan鹦鹉口服50mg/kg单剂量的曲唑酮可能被认为是安全的剂量。血浆浓度与人类先前发表的值相当，狗,马,和鸽子（Columbaliviadomestica）给药后长达14小时。这项研究表明，需要进一步的研究来建立曲唑酮在西他星物种行为问题的医学管理中的药效学和功效。
