Abstract：
Handball is a body-contact Olympic ball sport that is characterized by fast-paced defensive and offensive actions. Players must coordinate explosive movements (e.g. changing of direction) and handball-specific skills (e.g. passing). Maximizing performance requires a systematic approach to training that includes physical, psychological, technical, and tactical preparation. Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine the effects of movement-based (MOV; unspecific sport stimulus) or game-based (GAM; sport-specific stimulus) flywheel resistance training intervention in highly trained youth handball players. Method:Twenty-five highly trained youth male handball players completed two sessions per week of flywheel resistance training (MOV, n = 12; GAM, n = 13) over the 7-week intervention period. Change-of-direction tests (180º change-of-direction speed test of both legs and test) and handball-throwing test were conducted before and after the intervention. Results: Both groups significantly improved V-cut, and 180º Change-of-direction speed test performance (p < .05; d = 0.79-2.05). Notwithstanding, the GAM group demonstrated greater improvements in V-cut and COD180ASY compared with the MOV group (p < .05) with small effect. Handball throwing speed performance remained unchanged independently of training condition (p > .05). Conclusions: These findings provide further support for the training principle of \"specificity\" and highlight the importance of including a game-based training stimulus during resistance training. This is a key consideration for coaches wanting to enhance physical performance in youth handball players.
摘要：
手球是一项与身体接触的奥林匹克球类运动，其特点是快节奏的防守和进攻动作。球员必须协调爆炸性的动作（例如改变方向）和手球特定的技能（例如传球）。最大的表现需要一个系统的方法来训练，包括身体，心理,技术,战术准备。目的：这项研究的目的是确定基于运动（MOV；非特定运动刺激）或基于游戏（GAM；运动特定刺激）的飞轮阻力训练干预对训练有素的青年手球运动员的影响。方法：25名训练有素的青年男子手球运动员每周完成两次飞轮阻力训练（MOV，n=12；GAM，在7周的干预期内，n=13)。在干预前后进行了方向变化测试（双腿和测试的180º方向变化速度测试）和手球投掷测试。结果:两组V-cut均有明显改善,和180º方向变化速度测试性能（p<.05；d=0.79-2.05）。尽管如此,与MOV组相比，GAM组在V-cut和COD180ASY方面表现出更大的改善（p<.05），效果较小。手球投掷速度表现与训练条件无关(p>.05)。结论：这些发现为“特异性”的训练原则提供了进一步的支持，并强调了在阻力训练中包括基于游戏的训练刺激的重要性。对于希望提高青少年手球运动员身体表现的教练来说，这是一个关键的考虑因素。
