Abstract：
The purpose of the current paper is to explore the influence of the perceived trustworthiness factors of ability, benevolence and integrity on general and specific trust across supervisors, subordinates and peers with the same focal referent. This study used a 360-degree approach to examine how positional power asymmetries influence the relationship between trustworthiness and trust for a general and situation-specific referent. Data were obtained from military supervisors (N = 200), peers (N = 123), and subordinates (N = 85). Measures of trustworthiness and trust of a common military officer were obtained. Supervisors and subordinates differed in their relative weighting of trustworthiness factors (i.e. ability, benevolence, and integrity) when evaluating general and specific trust. Peers evidenced no difference in the relative weighting of trustworthiness factors. The relationship between benevolence and specific trust was stronger for subordinates than for supervisors. One implication of our findings is that trust can develop differently in bottom-up versus top-down organizational relationships. This study provides evidence that supervisors and subordinates emphasize different aspects of trustworthiness when evaluating their trust of a focal officer, and this process was different for general versus specific trust referents. The study also extends previous research by replicating previous findings across raters.
摘要：
本文的目的是探讨感知可信度因素对能力的影响,对监管者的一般和特定信任的仁慈和正直，具有相同焦点对象的下属和同伴。这项研究使用了360度方法来研究位置权力不对称如何影响一般和特定情况下的可信性和信任度之间的关系。数据来自军事主管(N=200)，同行(N=123)，和下属（N=85）。获得了普通军官的可信度和信任度。主管和下属在可信度因素(即能力，仁慈,和完整性)在评估一般信任和特定信任时。同行证明，可信度因素的相对权重没有差异。下属的仁慈与特定信任之间的关系比主管更牢固。我们发现的一个含义是，信任可以在自下而上和自上而下的组织关系中不同地发展。Thisstudyprovidesevidencethatsupervisorsandsubordinatesemphasesdifferentaspectsoftrustaritabilitywhenevaluatingtheirtrustofafocusofficer,这个过程对于一般的信任对象和特定的信任对象是不同的。该研究还通过在评估者之间复制先前的发现来扩展先前的研究。
