Abstract：
The 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research recommends sustained strategies of physical activity and diet for cancer prevention, but evidence for long-term prostate cancer risk is limited. Using observational data from 27,859 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, we emulated a target trial of recommendation-based physical activity and dietary strategies and 26-year risks of prostate cancer, adjusting for risk factors via the parametric g-formula. Compared with no intervention, limiting sugar-sweetened beverages showed a 0.4% (0.0-0.9%) lower risk of lethal (metastatic or fatal) disease and 0.5% (0.1-0.9%) lower risk of fatal disease. Restricting consumption of processed foods showed a 0.4-0.9% higher risk of all prostate cancer outcomes. Estimated risk differences for clinically significant disease were close to null for strategies involving fruits and non-starchy vegetables, whole grains and legumes, red meat, and processed meat, as well as under a joint strategy of physical activity and diet. Compared with a \"low adherence\" strategy, maintaining recommended physical activity levels showed a 0.4% (0.1-0.8%) lower risk of lethal and 0.5% (0.2-0.8%) lower risk of fatal disease. Adhering to specific components of current physical activity and dietary recommendations may help to prevent lethal and fatal prostate cancer over 26 years.
摘要：
2018年世界癌症研究基金会/美国癌症研究所推荐了持续的身体活动和饮食策略来预防癌症。但是长期前列腺癌风险的证据是有限的。使用来自健康专业人员随访研究中的27,859名男性的观察数据，我们模拟了一项基于推荐的身体活动和饮食策略以及前列腺癌26年风险的目标试验，通过参数g公式调整风险因素。与没有干预相比，限糖含糖饮料显示,致命性(转移性或致命性)疾病风险降低0.4%(0.0-0.9%),致命性疾病风险降低0.5%(0.1-0.9%).限制食用加工食品显示所有前列腺癌结局的风险增加0.4-0.9％。对于涉及水果和非淀粉蔬菜的策略，临床重大疾病的估计风险差异接近零。全谷物和豆类，红肉,和加工肉，以及在身体活动和饮食的联合策略下。与“低依从性”策略相比，维持推荐的体力活动水平显示,致死风险降低0.4%(0.1-0.8%),致死疾病风险降低0.5%(0.2-0.8%).坚持当前身体活动和饮食建议的特定组成部分可能有助于在26年内预防致命和致命的前列腺癌。
