Abstract：
Though sterile diet, post-transplantation surgery is a clinical strategy for patient care to prevent the infiltration of gut pathogens, less is known about its effects on the gut microbiome. Here, the gut microbiome dynamics of leukemia patients following a 120-day \"sterile-normal\" diet strategy posthematopoietic cell transplantation are examined. In contrast to the traditional idea, a sterile diet leads to the lowest gut microbiota diversity (p < 0.05) and short-chain fatty acids, promoted the proliferation of potential pathogens such as Streptococcus (up by 16.93%) and Lactobacillus (up by 40.30%), and 43.32% reduction in nodes and an 85.33% reduction in edges within the microbial interaction\'s network. Interestingly, a normal diet allows the gut microbiome recovery and significantly promotes the abundance of beneficial bacteria. These results indicate that a sterile diet leads to a collapse of the patient\'s gut microbiome and promoted the proliferation of potential pathogens. This assay is a starting point for a more sophisticated assessment of the effects of a sterile diet. The work also suggests a basic principle for the re-establishment of microbial equilibrium that supplementation of microbial taxa may be the key to the restoration of the degraded ecosystem.
摘要：
虽然无菌饮食，移植后手术是一种预防患者肠道病原体浸润的临床护理策略，人们对它对肠道微生物组的影响知之甚少。这里,研究了造血细胞移植后120天“无菌-正常”饮食策略后白血病患者的肠道微生物组动态。与传统观念相反，无菌饮食导致最低的肠道微生物群多样性（p<0.05）和短链脂肪酸，促进潜在病原体的增殖，如链球菌（上升16.93％）和乳酸菌（上升40.30％），微生物相互作用网络内的节点减少43.32%，边缘减少85.33%。有趣的是,正常饮食允许肠道微生物组恢复，并显著促进有益细菌的丰富。这些结果表明，无菌饮食会导致患者肠道微生物群的崩溃，并促进潜在病原体的增殖。该测定是更复杂评估无菌饮食效果的起点。这项工作还提出了重建微生物平衡的基本原理，即补充微生物类群可能是恢复退化生态系统的关键。
