Abstract：
In beekeeping, when natural nectar or pollen sources become limited, it is crucial to provide supplemental bee feed to maintain the viability of the bee colony. This study was conducted during the autumn food shortage season, during which bees were fed with different proportions of modified bee feed. We identified an optimal bee diet by evaluating honeybee longevity, food consumption, body weight, and gut microbe distribution, with natural pollen serving as a control diet. The results indicated that bees preferred a mixture of 65% defatted soy flour, 20% corn protein powder, 13% wheat germ flour, 2% yeast powder, and a 50% sucrose solution. This bee food recipe significantly increased the longevity, feed consumption, and body weight of bees. The group fed the natural pollen diet exhibited a greater abundance of essential intestinal bacteria. The bee diets used in this study contained higher protein levels and lower concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids and vitamins than did the diets stored within the colonies. Therefore, we propose that incorporating both bee feed and natural pollen in beekeeping practices will achieve more balanced nutritional intake.
摘要：
在养蜂方面，当天然花蜜或花粉来源变得有限时，提供补充蜜蜂饲料以维持蜂群的生存能力至关重要。这项研究是在秋季食物短缺的季节进行的，在此期间，蜜蜂被喂食不同比例的改性蜜蜂饲料。我们通过评估蜜蜂的寿命来确定最佳的蜜蜂饮食，食物消费,体重,和肠道微生物分布，用天然花粉作为控制饮食。结果表明，蜜蜂更喜欢65％脱脂大豆粉的混合物，20%玉米蛋白粉，13%小麦胚芽粉，2%酵母粉，和50%蔗糖溶液。这种蜜蜂食物配方显著增加了寿命，饲料消费，和蜜蜂的体重。饲喂天然花粉饮食的小组表现出更丰富的必需肠道细菌。与菌落内储存的饮食相比，本研究中使用的蜜蜂饮食含有更高的蛋白质水平和更低浓度的不饱和脂肪酸和维生素。因此,我们建议在养蜂实践中加入蜜蜂饲料和天然花粉将实现更均衡的营养摄入。
