Abstract：
Pericentromeric heterochromatin is mainly composed of satellite DNA sequences. Although being historically associated with transcriptional repression, some pericentromeric satellite DNA sequences are transcribed. The transcription events of pericentromeric satellite sequences occur in highly flexible biological contexts. Hence, the apparent randomness of pericentromeric satellite transcription incites the discussion about the attribution of biological functions. However, pericentromeric satellite RNAs have clear roles in the organization of nuclear structure. Silencing pericentromeric heterochromatin depends on pericentromeric satellite RNAs, that, in a feedback mechanism, contribute to the repression of pericentromeric heterochromatin. Moreover, pericentromeric satellite RNAs can also act as scaffolding molecules in condensate subnuclear structures (e.g., nuclear stress bodies). Since the formation/dissociation of nuclear condensates provides cell adaptability, pericentromeric satellite RNAs can be an epigenetic platform for regulating (sub)nuclear structure. We review current knowledge about pericentromeric satellite RNAs that, irrespective of the meaning of biological function, should be functionally addressed in regular and disease settings. This article is categorized under: RNA Methods > RNA Analyses in Cells RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease.
摘要：
着丝粒异染色质主要由卫星DNA序列组成。虽然历史上与转录抑制有关，一些着丝粒的卫星DNA序列被转录。着丝粒周卫星序列的转录事件发生在高度灵活的生物学环境中。因此，着丝粒周卫星转录的明显随机性引发了关于生物功能归属的讨论。然而,着丝粒卫星RNA在核结构的组织中具有明确的作用。沉默着丝粒周围异染色质取决于着丝粒周围卫星RNA，That,在反馈机制中，有助于抑制着丝粒周围的异染色质。此外，外围着丝粒卫星RNA也可以充当缩合物亚核结构中的支架分子(例如，核应力体)。由于核缩合物的形成/解离提供了细胞适应性，着丝粒卫星RNA可以是调节（亚）核结构的表观遗传平台。我们回顾了有关着丝粒周围卫星RNA的最新知识，不管生物功能的意义，应该在常规和疾病环境中从功能上解决。本文分为：RNA方法>细胞中的RNA分析疾病和发育中的RNA>疾病中的RNA。
