Abstract：
This retrospective study analysed 106 acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients undergoing autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) to assess the impact of multiple small-dose infusions of granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-mobilized haploidentical lymphocytes as post-ASCT maintenance therapy. Among them, 50 patients received lymphocyte maintenance therapy, 21 received alternative maintenance therapy, and 35 received no maintenance therapy. Patients receiving lymphocyte maintenance therapy demonstrated significantly higher overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) compared to those without maintenance therapy, with 4-year OS and DFS rates notably elevated. While there were no significant differences in recurrence rates among the three groups, lymphocyte maintenance therapy showcased particular benefits for intermediate-risk AML patients, yielding significantly higher OS and DFS rates and lower relapse rates compared to alternative maintenance therapy and no maintenance therapy. The study suggests that multiple small-dose infusions of G-CSF-mobilized haploidentical lymphocytes may offer promising outcomes for AML patients after ASCT, particularly for those classified as intermediate-risk. These findings underscore the potential efficacy of lymphocyte maintenance therapy in reducing disease relapse and improving long-term prognosis in this patient population.
摘要：
这项回顾性研究分析了106例接受自体造血干细胞移植（ASCT）的急性髓系白血病（AML）患者，以评估多次小剂量输注粒细胞集落刺激因子（G-CSF）动员的单倍体相合淋巴细胞作为ASCT维持治疗后的影响。其中,50例患者接受淋巴细胞维持治疗，21人接受了替代维持治疗，35人没有接受维持治疗。接受淋巴细胞维持治疗的患者与未接受维持治疗的患者相比，总生存期（OS）和无病生存期（DFS）显着提高。4年OS和DFS率明显升高。虽然三组之间的复发率没有显着差异，淋巴细胞维持治疗显示了对中危AML患者的特殊益处，与替代维持治疗和无维持治疗相比,OS和DFS率显著较高,复发率显著较低.该研究表明，多次小剂量输注G-CSF动员的单倍体淋巴细胞可能为ASCT后的AML患者提供有希望的结果，特别是那些被归类为中等风险的人。这些发现强调了淋巴细胞维持治疗在该患者人群中减少疾病复发和改善长期预后的潜在功效。
