PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Research on the effects of physical exercise on canine body composition is limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a physical exercise programme on bodyweight, body condition score (BCS) and chest, abdominal and thigh circumferences in dogs. Twenty-one healthy dogs of different breeds exercised together with their owners during an eight-week programme consisting of jogging and strength exercises. Standardised measurements were performed in triplicates with a measuring tape on standing dogs. Chest circumference was measured at three anatomical locations, abdomen at two and thigh at one. Data on bodyweight, BCS (9-point scale) and circumferences were analysed with mixed model repeated measures analyses to evaluate changes after the programme and effects of target distance.
RESULTS: Seven dog owners choose a target distance of 2 km and 14 owners choose 5-10 km. Mean BCS decreased (P = 0.007) after the programme (5.1 ± 0.9 vs. 4.7 ± 0.6) but there was no effect of target distance. Almost all chest and abdominal circumference measurements decreased (P ≤ 0.007) with the 2 km group driving the reduction in chest circumference and the 5-10 km group driving the reduction in abdominal circumference. In contrast, thigh circumference (28.8 ± 0.4 vs. 30.2 ± 0.4) increased (P = 0.007) while bodyweight was maintained. There were positive correlations between BCS and abdominal/chest ratios before and after the programme (Pearson correlation; R square ≤ 0.43, P ≤ 0.0012) but the mean ratio remained constant.
CONCLUSIONS: Results indicated a redistribution between total body fat and muscle mass in body composition of normal weight to slightly overweight dogs after the physical exercise programme. The use of bodyweight alone was not a reliable evaluation method to complement the BCS assessment. However, repeated measurements of chest, abdominal and thigh circumference might aid in the assessment of body composition in dogs performing physical exercise. Further research should include a control group and objective evaluations of total body fat and lean mass, in order to investigate the effectiveness of physical exercise as a freestanding method for decreasing BCS and increasing muscle mass in overweight dogs.
RESULTS: Seven dog owners choose a target distance of 2 km and 14 owners choose 5-10 km. Mean BCS decreased (P = 0.007) after the programme (5.1 ± 0.9 vs. 4.7 ± 0.6) but there was no effect of target distance. Almost all chest and abdominal circumference measurements decreased (P ≤ 0.007) with the 2 km group driving the reduction in chest circumference and the 5-10 km group driving the reduction in abdominal circumference. In contrast, thigh circumference (28.8 ± 0.4 vs. 30.2 ± 0.4) increased (P = 0.007) while bodyweight was maintained. There were positive correlations between BCS and abdominal/chest ratios before and after the programme (Pearson correlation; R square ≤ 0.43, P ≤ 0.0012) but the mean ratio remained constant.
CONCLUSIONS: Results indicated a redistribution between total body fat and muscle mass in body composition of normal weight to slightly overweight dogs after the physical exercise programme. The use of bodyweight alone was not a reliable evaluation method to complement the BCS assessment. However, repeated measurements of chest, abdominal and thigh circumference might aid in the assessment of body composition in dogs performing physical exercise. Further research should include a control group and objective evaluations of total body fat and lean mass, in order to investigate the effectiveness of physical exercise as a freestanding method for decreasing BCS and increasing muscle mass in overweight dogs.
摘要：
背景：关于体育锻炼对犬体成分影响的研究有限。这项研究的目的是调查体育锻炼计划对体重的影响，身体状况评分（BCS）和胸部，狗的腹部和大腿周围。21只不同品种的健康狗在为期八周的计划中与主人一起锻炼，包括慢跑和力量锻炼。在站立的狗上用卷尺一式三份进行标准化测量。在三个解剖位置测量胸围，腹部在两个，大腿在一个。体重数据,使用混合模型重复测量分析对BCS（9点量表）和圆周进行分析，以评估程序后的变化和目标距离的影响。
结果：七个狗主人选择2公里的目标距离，14个主人选择5-10公里。治疗后平均BCS降低（P=0.007）（5.1±0.9vs.4.7±0.6），但目标距离没有影响。几乎所有的胸围和腹围测量值都降低了（P≤0.007），其中2km组驱动胸围降低，5-10km组驱动腹围降低。相比之下,大腿围(28.8±0.4vs.30.2±0.4）增加（P=0.007），同时保持体重。程序前后BCS与腹/胸比率之间存在正相关（皮尔逊相关性；R平方≤0.43，P≤0.0012），但平均比率保持不变。
结论：结果表明，在体育锻炼计划后，正常体重的狗的身体组成中的总脂肪和肌肉质量之间的重新分布。单独使用体重不是补充BCS评估的可靠评估方法。然而,反复测量胸部，腹部和大腿围可能有助于评估进行体育锻炼的狗的身体成分。进一步的研究应包括对照组和对总脂肪和瘦体重的客观评估，为了研究体育锻炼作为减少超重犬BCS和增加肌肉质量的独立方法的有效性。
结果：七个狗主人选择2公里的目标距离，14个主人选择5-10公里。治疗后平均BCS降低（P=0.007）（5.1±0.9vs.4.7±0.6），但目标距离没有影响。几乎所有的胸围和腹围测量值都降低了（P≤0.007），其中2km组驱动胸围降低，5-10km组驱动腹围降低。相比之下,大腿围(28.8±0.4vs.30.2±0.4）增加（P=0.007），同时保持体重。程序前后BCS与腹/胸比率之间存在正相关（皮尔逊相关性；R平方≤0.43，P≤0.0012），但平均比率保持不变。
结论：结果表明，在体育锻炼计划后，正常体重的狗的身体组成中的总脂肪和肌肉质量之间的重新分布。单独使用体重不是补充BCS评估的可靠评估方法。然而,反复测量胸部，腹部和大腿围可能有助于评估进行体育锻炼的狗的身体成分。进一步的研究应包括对照组和对总脂肪和瘦体重的客观评估，为了研究体育锻炼作为减少超重犬BCS和增加肌肉质量的独立方法的有效性。
