Abstract：
Peyronie\'s disease (PD) is a connective tissue disorder that affects the penis and is characterized by abnormal collagen structure in the penile tunica albuginea, resulting in plaque formation and penile deformity. PD\'s overall prevalence is estimated at 3.2% to 8.9%, with rates as high as 20.3% among men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). However, the characteristics of DM associated with PD complications remain unclear.
To explore clinical associations between DM characteristics and PD complications.
We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with DM and PD who presented at our institution between 2007 and 2022. We examined patients\' clinical histories, DM- and PD-related clinical parameters, and complications. Penile deformities were assessed through physical examination, photographs, and penile Doppler ultrasound. Patients were categorized into subgroups based on age of DM onset: early (<45 years), average (45-65 years), and late (>65 years).
Outcomes included effects of DM characteristics on PD development, progression, and severity.
In total, 197 patients were included in the evaluation. Early-onset diabetes and elevated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels exhibited significant correlations with the early development of PD (ρ = 0.66, P < .001, and ρ = -0.24, P < .001, respectively). Furthermore, having DM at an early age was associated with the occurrence of penile plaque (ρ = -0.18, P = .03), and there were no significant differences in plaque dimensions (ρ = -0.29, P = .053). A rise in HbA1c levels after the initial PD diagnosis displayed positive correlations with the formation of penile plaque (ρ = 0.22, P < .006).
These findings emphasize the need for comprehensive assessments and personalized treatment strategies for individuals with DM and PD. Enhanced management approaches can improve outcomes for those facing both challenges.
Limitations include the single-site retrospective design with potential selection bias, inaccuracies in medical record data, and challenges in controlling confounding variables.
This study highlights that early-onset diabetes and poor diabetes control, as indicated by a subsequent rise in HbA1c levels following PD diagnosis, are significantly correlated with the onset and severity of PD. Revealing the mechanisms behind these findings will help us develop better management strategies for individuals with DM and PD.
To explore clinical associations between DM characteristics and PD complications.
We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with DM and PD who presented at our institution between 2007 and 2022. We examined patients\' clinical histories, DM- and PD-related clinical parameters, and complications. Penile deformities were assessed through physical examination, photographs, and penile Doppler ultrasound. Patients were categorized into subgroups based on age of DM onset: early (<45 years), average (45-65 years), and late (>65 years).
Outcomes included effects of DM characteristics on PD development, progression, and severity.
In total, 197 patients were included in the evaluation. Early-onset diabetes and elevated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels exhibited significant correlations with the early development of PD (ρ = 0.66, P < .001, and ρ = -0.24, P < .001, respectively). Furthermore, having DM at an early age was associated with the occurrence of penile plaque (ρ = -0.18, P = .03), and there were no significant differences in plaque dimensions (ρ = -0.29, P = .053). A rise in HbA1c levels after the initial PD diagnosis displayed positive correlations with the formation of penile plaque (ρ = 0.22, P < .006).
These findings emphasize the need for comprehensive assessments and personalized treatment strategies for individuals with DM and PD. Enhanced management approaches can improve outcomes for those facing both challenges.
Limitations include the single-site retrospective design with potential selection bias, inaccuracies in medical record data, and challenges in controlling confounding variables.
This study highlights that early-onset diabetes and poor diabetes control, as indicated by a subsequent rise in HbA1c levels following PD diagnosis, are significantly correlated with the onset and severity of PD. Revealing the mechanisms behind these findings will help us develop better management strategies for individuals with DM and PD.
摘要：
背景：Peyronie病（PD）是一种影响阴茎的结缔组织疾病，其特征是阴茎白膜中胶原蛋白结构异常，导致斑块形成和阴茎畸形。PD的总体患病率估计为3.2%至8.9%，男性2型糖尿病（DM）的发病率高达20.3%。然而,DM与PD并发症相关的特点尚不清楚.
目的：探讨DM特征与PD并发症的临床关联。
方法：我们对2007年至2022年在我们机构就诊的DM和PD患者进行了回顾性分析。我们检查了患者的临床病史，DM和PD相关临床参数，和并发症。通过体格检查评估阴茎畸形，照片,还有阴茎多普勒超声.根据DM发病年龄将患者分为亚组：早期（<45岁），平均（45-65岁），晚（>65岁）。
结果：结果包括DM特征对PD发展的影响，programming,和严重性。
结果：总计，197名患者被纳入评估。早发性糖尿病和血红蛋白A1c（HbA1c）水平升高与PD的早期发展显着相关（分别为ρ=0.66，P<.001和ρ=-0.24，P<.001）。此外，早期患有DM与阴茎斑块的发生有关（ρ=-0.18，P=.03），斑块大小无显著差异(ρ=-0.29,P=0.053)。初次PD诊断后HbA1c水平的升高与阴茎斑块的形成呈正相关（ρ=0.22，P<.006）。
结论：这些发现强调了对DM和PD患者进行全面评估和个性化治疗策略的必要性。增强的管理方法可以改善面临这两个挑战的人的成果。
■限制包括具有潜在选择偏差的单站点回顾性设计，医疗记录数据不准确，以及控制混杂变量的挑战。
结论：这项研究强调了早发糖尿病和糖尿病控制不良，PD诊断后HbA1c水平随后升高，与PD的发病和严重程度显著相关。揭示这些发现背后的机制将有助于我们为DM和PD患者制定更好的管理策略。
目的：探讨DM特征与PD并发症的临床关联。
方法：我们对2007年至2022年在我们机构就诊的DM和PD患者进行了回顾性分析。我们检查了患者的临床病史，DM和PD相关临床参数，和并发症。通过体格检查评估阴茎畸形，照片,还有阴茎多普勒超声.根据DM发病年龄将患者分为亚组：早期（<45岁），平均（45-65岁），晚（>65岁）。
结果：结果包括DM特征对PD发展的影响，programming,和严重性。
结果：总计，197名患者被纳入评估。早发性糖尿病和血红蛋白A1c（HbA1c）水平升高与PD的早期发展显着相关（分别为ρ=0.66，P<.001和ρ=-0.24，P<.001）。此外，早期患有DM与阴茎斑块的发生有关（ρ=-0.18，P=.03），斑块大小无显著差异(ρ=-0.29,P=0.053)。初次PD诊断后HbA1c水平的升高与阴茎斑块的形成呈正相关（ρ=0.22，P<.006）。
结论：这些发现强调了对DM和PD患者进行全面评估和个性化治疗策略的必要性。增强的管理方法可以改善面临这两个挑战的人的成果。
■限制包括具有潜在选择偏差的单站点回顾性设计，医疗记录数据不准确，以及控制混杂变量的挑战。
结论：这项研究强调了早发糖尿病和糖尿病控制不良，PD诊断后HbA1c水平随后升高，与PD的发病和严重程度显著相关。揭示这些发现背后的机制将有助于我们为DM和PD患者制定更好的管理策略。
