Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are widely used in livestock and poultry industry because of their satisfactory effects in preventing and treating bacterial infection. However, due to irrational use and poor biodegradability, FQs can easily remain in food animals and further enter the human body through the food chain. Therefore, accurate and sensitive detection of FQs residues in animal-origin food is significant. The traditional methods commonly used for FQs detection have some limitations. Ratiometric fluorescence detection technology has the advantages of fast, sensitive, self-correcting, and easy visualization. However, the reports on the use of ratiometric fluorescence probes for FQs detection are limited.
RESULTS: In this work, a novel probe was proposed for ratiometric fluorescent analysis of FQs. In this probe, the fluorescence of dithioerythritol stabilized copper nanoclusters (DTE-Cu NCs) was significantly enhanced due to the Tb3+ triggered aggregation-induced emission effect. FQs bound Tb3+ in Tb3+/DTE-Cu NCs through carboxyl and carbonyl groups, so that Tb3+ was effectively sensitized to emit green fluorescence. However, the red fluorescence of DTE-Cu NCs was not interfered. The fluorescence of the probe transformed from red to green with the increase of FQs concentration. Using norfloxacin (NOR), difloxacin (DIF), and enrofloxacin (ENR) as FQs simulants, this probe showed a sensitive linear response ranged from 0.025 to 22.5 μM, with the limits of detection of 9.6 nM, 9.3 nM, and 7.7 nM. The application potential for FQs detection was verified via a standard addition assay of egg samples with the recovery rate of 90.4 %-114.7 %.
CONCLUSIONS: The fluorescence probe based on Tb3+/DTE-Cu NCs is expected to realize the ratiometric fluorescence sensitive detection of FQs. The establishment of this simple, effective, and rapid detection platform opens up a new way for the detection of FQs residues in animal-origin foods, and also provides a new idea for the design of rapid detection platforms for other hazard factors.
RESULTS: In this work, a novel probe was proposed for ratiometric fluorescent analysis of FQs. In this probe, the fluorescence of dithioerythritol stabilized copper nanoclusters (DTE-Cu NCs) was significantly enhanced due to the Tb3+ triggered aggregation-induced emission effect. FQs bound Tb3+ in Tb3+/DTE-Cu NCs through carboxyl and carbonyl groups, so that Tb3+ was effectively sensitized to emit green fluorescence. However, the red fluorescence of DTE-Cu NCs was not interfered. The fluorescence of the probe transformed from red to green with the increase of FQs concentration. Using norfloxacin (NOR), difloxacin (DIF), and enrofloxacin (ENR) as FQs simulants, this probe showed a sensitive linear response ranged from 0.025 to 22.5 μM, with the limits of detection of 9.6 nM, 9.3 nM, and 7.7 nM. The application potential for FQs detection was verified via a standard addition assay of egg samples with the recovery rate of 90.4 %-114.7 %.
CONCLUSIONS: The fluorescence probe based on Tb3+/DTE-Cu NCs is expected to realize the ratiometric fluorescence sensitive detection of FQs. The establishment of this simple, effective, and rapid detection platform opens up a new way for the detection of FQs residues in animal-origin foods, and also provides a new idea for the design of rapid detection platforms for other hazard factors.
摘要：
背景：氟喹诺酮类药物（FQs）在预防和治疗细菌感染方面具有令人满意的效果，因此被广泛用于畜禽行业。然而,由于不合理的使用和生物降解性差，FQ可以很容易地保留在食用动物中，并通过食物链进一步进入人体。因此,准确、灵敏地检测动物源性食品中的FQs残留具有重要意义。传统的FQs检测方法存在一定的局限性。比率荧光检测技术具有快速、快速、敏感,自我校正,和容易的可视化。然而,关于使用比率荧光探针检测FQs的报道有限.
结果：在这项工作中，提出了一种用于FQs比率荧光分析的新型探针。在这个探测器中,由于Tb3触发的聚集诱导的发射效应，二硫代赤藓糖醇稳定的铜纳米簇（DTE-CuNC）的荧光显着增强。FQs通过羧基和羰基结合Tb3+/DTE-CuNCs中的Tb3+,因此Tb3+被有效地敏化以发射绿色荧光。然而,DTE-CuNCs的红色荧光不受干扰。随着FQs浓度的增加，探针的荧光从红色转变为绿色。使用诺氟沙星（NOR），二氟沙星（DIF），和恩诺沙星(ENR)作为FQs模拟物，该探针显示出从0.025到22.5μM的敏感线性响应，检测限为9.6nM，9.3nM,和7.7nM。通过鸡蛋样品的标准添加测定法验证了FQs检测的应用潜力，回收率为90.4％-114.7％。
结论：基于Tb3+/DTE-CuNCs的荧光探针有望实现FQs的比率荧光灵敏检测。这个简单的建立，有效,快速检测平台为动物源性食品中FQs残留的检测开辟了新的途径,同时也为其他危害因素的快速检测平台的设计提供了新的思路。
结果：在这项工作中，提出了一种用于FQs比率荧光分析的新型探针。在这个探测器中,由于Tb3触发的聚集诱导的发射效应，二硫代赤藓糖醇稳定的铜纳米簇（DTE-CuNC）的荧光显着增强。FQs通过羧基和羰基结合Tb3+/DTE-CuNCs中的Tb3+,因此Tb3+被有效地敏化以发射绿色荧光。然而,DTE-CuNCs的红色荧光不受干扰。随着FQs浓度的增加，探针的荧光从红色转变为绿色。使用诺氟沙星（NOR），二氟沙星（DIF），和恩诺沙星(ENR)作为FQs模拟物，该探针显示出从0.025到22.5μM的敏感线性响应，检测限为9.6nM，9.3nM,和7.7nM。通过鸡蛋样品的标准添加测定法验证了FQs检测的应用潜力，回收率为90.4％-114.7％。
结论：基于Tb3+/DTE-CuNCs的荧光探针有望实现FQs的比率荧光灵敏检测。这个简单的建立，有效,快速检测平台为动物源性食品中FQs残留的检测开辟了新的途径,同时也为其他危害因素的快速检测平台的设计提供了新的思路。
