Abstract：
Microbial community in wetland soils is crucial for maintaining the stability of the wetland ecosystem. Nevertheless, the soil microbial community is sensitive to the environmental stress in wetlands. This leads to the possibility that the microbial community structure may be influenced by environmental factors. To gain an in-depth understanding in the response of microbial community structure in wetland soils under different environmental factors, this review comprehensively explores the factors of natural conditions (e.g., different types of wetland, soil physical and chemical properties, climate conditions), biological factors (e.g., plants, soil animals), and human activities (e.g., land use, soil pollution, grazing). Those factors can affect microbial community structure and activities in wetland soils through different ways such as (i) affecting the wetland soil environment in which soil microorganisms survived in, (ii) influencing the available nutrients (e.g., carbon, nitrogen) required for microbial activity, and (iii) the direct effects on soil microorganisms (toxicity or promotion of resistant species). This review can provide references for the conservation of microbial diversity in wetland soils, the maintenance of wetland ecosystem balance, and the wetland ecological restoration.
摘要：
湿地土壤中的微生物群落对维持湿地生态系统的稳定至关重要。然而，湿地土壤微生物群落对环境胁迫敏感。这导致微生物群落结构可能受到环境因素的影响。为深入了解不同环境因子对湿地土壤微生物群落结构的响应,这篇综述全面探讨了自然条件的因素(例如，不同类型的湿地，土壤理化性质，气候条件)，生物因素(例如，植物,土壤动物)，和人类活动(例如，土地利用,土壤污染,放牧）。这些因素可以通过不同的方式影响湿地土壤中的微生物群落结构和活动，例如（i）影响土壤微生物存活的湿地土壤环境，(ii)影响可用营养素(例如，碳,氮)微生物活性所需，和(iii)对土壤微生物的直接影响(抗性物种的毒性或促进)。本综述可为湿地土壤微生物多样性的保护提供参考。维持湿地生态系统的平衡,和湿地生态恢复。
