Abstract：
Witnessing emotional expressions in others triggers physiological arousal in humans. The current study focused on pupil responses to emotional expressions in a community sample as a physiological index of arousal and attention. We explored the associations between parents\' and offspring\'s responses to dynamic facial expressions of emotion, as well as the links between pupil responses and anxiety/depression. Children (N = 90, MAge = 10.13, range = 7.21-12.94, 47 girls) participated in this lab study with one of their parents (47 mothers). Pupil responses were assessed in a computer task with dynamic happy, angry, fearful, and sad expressions, while participants verbally labeled the emotion displayed on the screen as quickly as possible. Parents and children reported anxiety and depression symptoms in questionnaires. Both parents and children showed stronger pupillary responses to negative versus positive expressions, and children\'s responses were overall stronger than those of parents. We also found links between the pupil responses of parents and children to negative, especially to angry faces. Child pupil responses were related to their own and their parents\' anxiety levels and to their parents\' (but not their own) depression. We conclude that child pupils are sensitive to individual differences in parents\' pupils and emotional dispositions in community samples.
摘要：
目睹他人的情感表达会触发人类的生理唤醒。当前的研究集中在社区样本中瞳孔对情绪表达的反应，作为唤醒和注意力的生理指标。我们探索了父母和后代对情绪动态面部表情的反应之间的关联，以及瞳孔反应和焦虑/抑郁之间的联系。儿童（N=90，MAge=10.13，范围=7.21-12.94，47名女孩）与父母之一（47名母亲）一起参加了这项实验室研究。学生反应在计算机任务中进行了动态快乐评估，生气,恐惧,悲伤的表情，同时参与者尽可能快地口头标记屏幕上显示的情绪。父母和儿童在问卷中报告了焦虑和抑郁症状。父母和孩子都对阴性表达和阳性表达表现出更强的瞳孔反应，儿童的反应总体上比父母更强。我们还发现了父母和孩子的学生对负面反应之间的联系，尤其是愤怒的面孔。儿童的瞳孔反应与他们自己和他们的父母的焦虑水平以及他们的父母（但不是他们自己的）抑郁有关。我们得出的结论是，儿童学生对父母学生的个体差异和社区样本中的情感倾向很敏感。
