Abstract：
A certain degree of chromatin openness is necessary for the activity of transcription-regulating regions within the genome, facilitating accessibility to RNA polymerases and subsequent synthesis of regulatory element RNAs (regRNAs) from these regions. The rapidly increasing number of studies underscores the significance of regRNAs across diverse cellular processes and diseases, challenging the paradigm that these transcripts are non-functional transcriptional noise. This review explores the multifaceted roles of regRNAs in human cells, encompassing rather well-studied entities such as promoter RNAs and enhancer RNAs (eRNAs), while also providing insights into overshadowed silencer RNAs and insulator RNAs. Furthermore, we assess notable examples of shorter regRNAs, like miRNAs, snRNAs, and snoRNAs, playing important roles. Expanding our discourse, we deliberate on the potential usage of regRNAs as biomarkers and novel targets for cancer and other human diseases.
摘要：
一定程度的染色质开放性对于基因组内转录调节区的活性是必需的。促进对RNA聚合酶的可及性以及随后从这些区域合成调控元件RNA（regRNA）。迅速增加的研究强调了regRNAs在不同细胞过程和疾病中的重要性。挑战这些转录本是非功能性转录噪声的范式。这篇综述探讨了regRNAs在人类细胞中的多方面作用，涵盖相当充分研究的实体，如启动子RNA和增强子RNA（eRNA），同时还提供了对阴影沉默RNA和绝缘体RNA的见解。此外，我们评估了较短的regRNAs的显著例子，像miRNA，snRNAs,和snoRNA，扮演重要角色。扩大我们的话语，我们研究了regRNAs作为癌症和其他人类疾病的生物标志物和新靶标的潜在用途。
