Abstract：
An in vitro study using rainbow trout spermatozoa was designed to evaluate the toxic effects of different concentrations of captan (CPT), mancozeb (MCZ), and azoxystrobin (AZX) fungicides on motility parameters, lipid peroxidation, SOD activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and DPPH inhibition. Moreover, changes in fatty acids profiles caused by the fungicides were determined for the first time. The results revealed that motility parameters, SOD activities, TAC values, and DPPH inhibitions decreased significantly while lipid peroxidation increased after ≥2 µg/L of CPT, ≥1 µg/L of MCZ, and ≥5 µg/L of AZX incubations for 2 h at 4 °C. Additionally, 10 µg/L CPT, 5 µg/L MCZ, and 200 µg/L AZX reduced motility to the 50 % level. Our results clearly demonstrated significant changes in the fatty acids profiles of spermatozoa exposed to these concentrations of the fungicides. The highest lipid peroxidation and the lowest monounsaturated and polyunsaturated saturated fatty acids (MUFA and PUFA, respectively) were detected in AZX. Even though the susceptibility of spermatozoa to oxidative damage is generally attributed to PUFA contents, the results of this study have represented that MUFA content could play a part in this tendency. Moreover, the lower concentration of MCZ reduced motility to the % 50 level while it deteriorated the fatty acids profile less than did AZX. Overall, the present study demonstrated that the detrimental effects of the fungicides on mitochondrial respiration and related enzymes have more priority than oxidative stress in terms of their toxicities on spermatozoa. It has also been suggested that fish spermatozoa are a good model for determining changes in the fatty acid profiles by fungicides, probably, by other pesticides and environmental contaminants as well.
摘要：
设计了使用虹鳟鱼精子的体外研究，以评估不同浓度的captan（CPT）的毒性作用，代森锰锌（MCZ），和唑菌酯（AZX）杀菌剂对运动参数的影响，脂质过氧化，SOD活性,总抗氧化能力(TAC)，和DPPH抑制。此外，首次确定了杀菌剂引起的脂肪酸谱变化。结果表明，运动参数，SOD活性，TAC值,CPT≥2µg/L后，DPPH抑制作用显着降低，而脂质过氧化增加，MCZ≥1µg/L，和≥5µg/L的AZX在4°C下孵育2小时。此外,10µg/LCPT,5µg/LMCZ,和200µg/LAZX将运动性降低到50％的水平。我们的结果清楚地表明，暴露于这些浓度的杀真菌剂的精子的脂肪酸谱发生了显着变化。最高的脂质过氧化和最低的单不饱和和多不饱和饱和脂肪酸（MUFA和PUFA，分别)在AZX中检测到。尽管精子对氧化损伤的易感性通常归因于PUFA含量，这项研究的结果表明，MUFA内容可能在这一趋势中发挥作用。此外，较低浓度的MCZ将运动性降低至%50水平，而脂肪酸谱的恶化程度低于AZX。总的来说,本研究表明，就其对精子的毒性而言，杀菌剂对线粒体呼吸和相关酶的有害作用比氧化应激更重要。还建议鱼类精子是确定杀菌剂脂肪酸谱变化的良好模型，可能,其他杀虫剂和环境污染物。
