Abstract：
This review summarizes the advancements over a decade of research on antigens of anti-sperm antibodies (ASAs), which are key to male immune infertility. Despite the progress in assisted reproductive technologies, understanding the roles and mechanisms of ASAs and their antigens remains vital for immune infertility management. We conducted a comprehensive literature search on PubMed from January 2013 to December 2023 using the following keywords: \"anti-sperm antibody,\" \"sperm antigen,\" and \"immune infertility.\" In this review, we focus on the discoveries in sperm antigen identification and characterization through proteomics, gene disruption technology, and immunoinformatics, along with the development of fertility biomarkers. Here, we discuss the clinical applications of improved ASA detection methods and the progress in the development of immunocontraceptive vaccines. The intersection of advanced diagnostic techniques and vaccine development represents a promising frontier in reproductive health. The findings also highlight the need for standardized ASA detection methods and a comprehensive molecular-level approach to understanding ASA-related infertility. These insights underscore the significance of ongoing reproductive immunology research in enhancing clinical fertility outcomes and contraceptive vaccine development.
摘要：
本文综述了抗精子抗体(ASAs)抗原的十年研究进展,这是男性免疫性不育的关键。尽管辅助生殖技术取得了进展，了解ASAs及其抗原的作用和机制对于免疫性不孕治疗仍然至关重要。我们从2013年1月至2023年12月在PubMed上进行了全面的文献检索，使用以下关键词：“抗精子抗体，精子抗原，“和”免疫性不孕症。“在这次审查中，我们专注于通过蛋白质组学在精子抗原鉴定和表征中的发现，基因破坏技术,和免疫信息学，随着生育生物标志物的发展。这里,我们讨论了改进的ASA检测方法的临床应用以及免疫避孕疫苗的开发进展。先进的诊断技术和疫苗开发的交叉代表了生殖健康的一个有希望的前沿。研究结果还强调了需要标准化的ASA检测方法和全面的分子水平方法来了解ASA相关的不孕症。这些见解强调了正在进行的生殖免疫学研究在提高临床生育结果和避孕疫苗开发中的重要性。
