Abstract：
Air pollutants and temperature are significant threats to public health, and the complex linkages between the environmental factors and their interactions harm respiratory diseases. This study is aimed to analyze the impact of air pollutants and meteorological factors on respiratory diseases and their synergistic effects in Dingxi, a city in northwestern China, from 2018 to 2020 using a generalized additive model (GAM). Relative risk (RR) was employed to quantitatively evaluate the temperature modification on the short-term effects of PM2.5 and O3 and the synergistic effects of air pollutants (PM2.5 and O3) and meteorological elements (temperature and relative humidity) on respiratory diseases. The results indicated that the RRs per inter-quatile range (IQR) rise in PM2.5 and O3 concentrations were (1.066, 95% CI: 1.009-1.127, lag2) and (1.037, 95% CI: 0.975-1.102, lag4) for respiratory diseases, respectively. Temperature stratification suggests that the influence of PM2.5 on respiratory diseases was significantly enhanced at low and moderate temperatures, and the risk of respiratory diseases caused by O3 was significantly increased at high temperatures. The synergy analysis demonstrated significant a synergistic effect of PM2.5 with low temperature and high relative humidity and an antagonistic effect of high relative humidity and O3 on respiratory diseases. The findings would provide a scientific basis for the impact of pollutants on respiratory diseases in Northwest China.
摘要：
空气污染物和温度是对公众健康的重大威胁，环境因素之间的复杂联系及其相互作用危害呼吸系统疾病。本研究旨在分析定西市大气污染物和气象因素对呼吸系统疾病的影响及其协同作用,中国西北部的一座城市，从2018年到2020年，使用广义加法模型(GAM)。采用相对风险（RR）定量评估温度变化对PM2.5和O3的短期影响以及空气污染物（PM2.5和O3）和气象要素（温度和相对湿度）对呼吸系统疾病的协同作用。结果表明，PM2.5和O3浓度的每个等际范围（IQR）升高的RR分别为（1.066，95％CI：1.009-1.127，lag2）和（1.037，95％CI：0.975-1.102，lag4）。分别。温度分层表明，在低温和中等温度下，PM2.5对呼吸系统疾病的影响明显增强，在高温下，O3引起的呼吸系统疾病的风险显着增加。协同作用分析表明，PM2.5与低温和高相对湿度具有显着的协同作用，高相对湿度和O3对呼吸系统疾病具有拮抗作用。研究结果将为西北地区污染物对呼吸系统疾病的影响提供科学依据。
