PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: The glutaraldehyde test (GAT) allows for animal-side semi-quantitative estimation of fibrinogen and gamma-globulin concentrations in blood samples of adult cattle and therefore detection of inflammatory disease conditions. However, the test has potential limitations, especially due to the latency period until sufficiently high fibrinogen and/or gamma-globulin concentrations are reached. The aim of the present study was therefore to assess the association between results of GAT with other inflammatory markers including hematologic variables, fibrinogen, plasma haptoglobin and serum amyloid A (SAA) concentrations.
UNASSIGNED: For the purpose of this prospective observational study, a convenience sample of 202 cows with a broad range of inflammatory and non-inflammatory clinical conditions was included. The GAT was run on EDTA blood, fibrinogen was measured using the Clauss and the heat precipitation method, and commercially available ELISA tests were used for determination of plasma haptoglobin and SAA concentrations.
UNASSIGNED: Shortened GAT coagulation times were more closely correlated to serum globulin (rs = -0.72) than to plasma fibrinogen concentrations measured with the heat precipitation (rs = -0.64) and the Clauss method (rs = -0.70). Cows with a markedly (≤3 min) or moderately (4-6 min) shortened coagulation time had higher (p < 0.001) plasma haptoglobin and SAA concentrations than cows with a negative test result. Total leukocyte, monocyte and neutrophil concentrations did not differ significantly between groups. An identified cut-off for the GAT coagulation time of ≤14 min had a sensitivity and specificity of 54.4 and 100%, respectively, for the prediction of an inflammatory state based on clinical findings and/or increased plasma haptoglobin or SAA concentrations.
UNASSIGNED: In conclusion, this study demonstrates considerable diagnostic agreement between positive GAT results and increased plasma concentrations of haptoglobin and SAA. Despite high specificity, the test lacks sensitivity in case of acute inflammatory conditions indicating that plasma acute phase protein concentrations and hematologic findings can provide additional diagnostic information if the GAT is negative.
UNASSIGNED: For the purpose of this prospective observational study, a convenience sample of 202 cows with a broad range of inflammatory and non-inflammatory clinical conditions was included. The GAT was run on EDTA blood, fibrinogen was measured using the Clauss and the heat precipitation method, and commercially available ELISA tests were used for determination of plasma haptoglobin and SAA concentrations.
UNASSIGNED: Shortened GAT coagulation times were more closely correlated to serum globulin (rs = -0.72) than to plasma fibrinogen concentrations measured with the heat precipitation (rs = -0.64) and the Clauss method (rs = -0.70). Cows with a markedly (≤3 min) or moderately (4-6 min) shortened coagulation time had higher (p < 0.001) plasma haptoglobin and SAA concentrations than cows with a negative test result. Total leukocyte, monocyte and neutrophil concentrations did not differ significantly between groups. An identified cut-off for the GAT coagulation time of ≤14 min had a sensitivity and specificity of 54.4 and 100%, respectively, for the prediction of an inflammatory state based on clinical findings and/or increased plasma haptoglobin or SAA concentrations.
UNASSIGNED: In conclusion, this study demonstrates considerable diagnostic agreement between positive GAT results and increased plasma concentrations of haptoglobin and SAA. Despite high specificity, the test lacks sensitivity in case of acute inflammatory conditions indicating that plasma acute phase protein concentrations and hematologic findings can provide additional diagnostic information if the GAT is negative.
摘要：
戊二醛测试(GAT)允许动物侧半定量估计成年牛的血液样品中的纤维蛋白原和γ-球蛋白浓度,并因此检测炎性疾病状况。然而,测试有潜在的局限性，特别是由于潜伏期，直到达到足够高的纤维蛋白原和/或γ-球蛋白浓度。因此，本研究的目的是评估GAT结果与其他炎症标志物（包括血液学变量）之间的关联。纤维蛋白原，血浆结合珠蛋白和血清淀粉样蛋白A（SAA）浓度。
■出于这项前瞻性观察研究的目的，纳入了202头母牛的便利样本，这些母牛具有广泛的炎症和非炎症临床状况。GAT是在EDTA血液上运行的，纤维蛋白原使用Clauss和热沉淀法测量，和市售ELISA测试用于测定血浆触珠蛋白和SAA浓度。
■缩短的GAT凝血时间与血清球蛋白（rs=-0.72）的相关性比用热沉淀（rs=-0.64）和Clauss方法（rs=-0.70）测量的血浆纤维蛋白原浓度更密切相关。凝血时间明显缩短（≤3分钟）或中度缩短（4-6分钟）的奶牛的血浆结合珠蛋白和SAA浓度高于测试结果阴性的奶牛（p<0.001）。白细胞总数,单核细胞和中性粒细胞浓度在组间无显著差异.确定的GAT凝血时间≤14分钟的截止值具有54.4和100％的灵敏度和特异性，分别,用于基于临床发现和/或增加的血浆触珠蛋白或SAA浓度预测炎症状态。
■总而言之，这项研究表明，阳性GAT结果与结合珠蛋白和SAA的血浆浓度升高之间具有相当大的诊断一致性。尽管特异性很高，在急性炎症的情况下,该检测缺乏敏感性,表明如果GAT阴性,血浆急性期蛋白浓度和血液学结果可以提供额外的诊断信息.
■出于这项前瞻性观察研究的目的，纳入了202头母牛的便利样本，这些母牛具有广泛的炎症和非炎症临床状况。GAT是在EDTA血液上运行的，纤维蛋白原使用Clauss和热沉淀法测量，和市售ELISA测试用于测定血浆触珠蛋白和SAA浓度。
■缩短的GAT凝血时间与血清球蛋白（rs=-0.72）的相关性比用热沉淀（rs=-0.64）和Clauss方法（rs=-0.70）测量的血浆纤维蛋白原浓度更密切相关。凝血时间明显缩短（≤3分钟）或中度缩短（4-6分钟）的奶牛的血浆结合珠蛋白和SAA浓度高于测试结果阴性的奶牛（p<0.001）。白细胞总数,单核细胞和中性粒细胞浓度在组间无显著差异.确定的GAT凝血时间≤14分钟的截止值具有54.4和100％的灵敏度和特异性，分别,用于基于临床发现和/或增加的血浆触珠蛋白或SAA浓度预测炎症状态。
■总而言之，这项研究表明，阳性GAT结果与结合珠蛋白和SAA的血浆浓度升高之间具有相当大的诊断一致性。尽管特异性很高，在急性炎症的情况下,该检测缺乏敏感性,表明如果GAT阴性,血浆急性期蛋白浓度和血液学结果可以提供额外的诊断信息.
