PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: In this PRISMA-compliant systematic review, we identify and synthesize the findings of research in which neuroimaging and assessments of achievement have been used to examine the relationships among aspects of developmental programming, neurodevelopment, and achievement in reading and mathematics.
UNASSIGNED: Forty-seven studies met inclusion criteria. The majority examined the impact of prematurity (n = 32) and prenatal alcohol exposure (n = 13). Several prematurity studies reported a positive correlation between white-matter integrity of callosal fibers and executive functioning and/or achievement, and white matter properties were consistently associated with cognitive and academic performance in preterm and full-term children. Volumetric studies reported positive associations between academic and cognitive abilities and white and gray matter volume in regions such as the insula, putamen, and prefrontal lobes. Functional MRI studies demonstrated increased right-hemispheric language processing among preterm children. Altered activation of the frontoparietal network related to numerical abilities was also reported. Prenatal alcohol exposure studies reported alterations in white matter microstructure linked to deficits in cognitive functioning and academic achievement, including mathematics, reading, and vocabulary skills. Volumetric studies reported reductions in cerebral, cerebellar, and subcortical gray matter volumes associated with decreased scores on measures of executive functioning, attention, working memory, and academic performance. Functional MRI studies demonstrated broad, diffuse activation, reduced activation in canonical regions, and increased activation in non-canonical regions during numeric tasks.
UNASSIGNED: A preponderance of studies linked prematurity and prenatal alcohol exposure to altered neurodevelopmental processes and suboptimal academic achievement. Limitations and recommendations for future research are discussed.
UNASSIGNED: Identifier: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/ZAN67.
UNASSIGNED: Forty-seven studies met inclusion criteria. The majority examined the impact of prematurity (n = 32) and prenatal alcohol exposure (n = 13). Several prematurity studies reported a positive correlation between white-matter integrity of callosal fibers and executive functioning and/or achievement, and white matter properties were consistently associated with cognitive and academic performance in preterm and full-term children. Volumetric studies reported positive associations between academic and cognitive abilities and white and gray matter volume in regions such as the insula, putamen, and prefrontal lobes. Functional MRI studies demonstrated increased right-hemispheric language processing among preterm children. Altered activation of the frontoparietal network related to numerical abilities was also reported. Prenatal alcohol exposure studies reported alterations in white matter microstructure linked to deficits in cognitive functioning and academic achievement, including mathematics, reading, and vocabulary skills. Volumetric studies reported reductions in cerebral, cerebellar, and subcortical gray matter volumes associated with decreased scores on measures of executive functioning, attention, working memory, and academic performance. Functional MRI studies demonstrated broad, diffuse activation, reduced activation in canonical regions, and increased activation in non-canonical regions during numeric tasks.
UNASSIGNED: A preponderance of studies linked prematurity and prenatal alcohol exposure to altered neurodevelopmental processes and suboptimal academic achievement. Limitations and recommendations for future research are discussed.
UNASSIGNED: Identifier: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/ZAN67.
摘要：
■在此符合PRISMA的系统审查中，我们确定并综合了神经影像学和成就评估已用于检查发展规划各方面之间的关系的研究结果，神经发育，在阅读和数学方面的成就。
■47项研究符合纳入标准。大多数人检查了早产（n=32）和产前酒精暴露（n=13）的影响。一些早产研究报告了call骨纤维白质完整性与执行功能和/或成就之间的正相关。在早产儿和足月儿童中,白质特性与认知和学习成绩始终相关.体积研究报告了学术和认知能力与脑岛等区域的白质和灰质体积之间的正相关关系，壳核,和前额叶。功能性MRI研究表明，早产儿的右半球语言处理增加。还报道了与数值能力有关的额顶网络的激活改变。产前酒精暴露研究报告了白质微结构的改变与认知功能和学业成绩的缺陷有关。包括数学,阅读,和词汇技能。体积研究报告大脑减少，小脑,与执行功能测量得分降低相关的皮层下灰质体积，注意,工作记忆,和学习成绩。功能磁共振成像研究证明广泛，弥漫性激活,规范区域的激活减少，并在数字任务期间增加非规范区域的激活。
■大量研究将早产和产前酒精暴露与改变的神经发育过程和次优的学业成绩联系起来。讨论了局限性和对未来研究的建议。
■标识符：DOI10.17605/OSF。IO/ZAN67。
■47项研究符合纳入标准。大多数人检查了早产（n=32）和产前酒精暴露（n=13）的影响。一些早产研究报告了call骨纤维白质完整性与执行功能和/或成就之间的正相关。在早产儿和足月儿童中,白质特性与认知和学习成绩始终相关.体积研究报告了学术和认知能力与脑岛等区域的白质和灰质体积之间的正相关关系，壳核,和前额叶。功能性MRI研究表明，早产儿的右半球语言处理增加。还报道了与数值能力有关的额顶网络的激活改变。产前酒精暴露研究报告了白质微结构的改变与认知功能和学业成绩的缺陷有关。包括数学,阅读,和词汇技能。体积研究报告大脑减少，小脑,与执行功能测量得分降低相关的皮层下灰质体积，注意,工作记忆,和学习成绩。功能磁共振成像研究证明广泛，弥漫性激活,规范区域的激活减少，并在数字任务期间增加非规范区域的激活。
■大量研究将早产和产前酒精暴露与改变的神经发育过程和次优的学业成绩联系起来。讨论了局限性和对未来研究的建议。
■标识符：DOI10.17605/OSF。IO/ZAN67。
