PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Early nutritional management approach greatly impacts broilers\' performance and resistance against coccidiosis. The current study explored the impact of post-hatch feeding with a combination of glutamine (Glut) and different levels of omega-3 on broiler chickens\' growth performance, muscle building, intestinal barrier, antioxidant ability and protection against avian coccidiosis. A total of six hundred Cobb 500 was divided into six groups: first group (fed basal diet and unchallenged (control) and challenged (negative control, NC) groups were fed a basal diet without additives, and the other groups were infected with Eimeria spp and supplemented with 1.5% Glut alone or with three different levels of omega-3 (0.25, 0.5 and 1%) during the starter period. Notable improvement in body weight gain was observed in the group which fed basal diet supplemented with glut and 1% omega 3 even after coccidia infection (increased by 25% compared challenged group) while feed conversion ratio was restored to control. Myogeneis was enhanced in the group supplemented with Glut and omega-3 (upregulation of myogenin, MyoD, mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase and insulin like growth factor-1 and downregulating of myostatin genes). Groups supplemented with Glut and higher levels of omega-3 highly expressed occluding, mucin-2, junctional Adhesion Molecule 2, b-defensin-1 and cathelicidins-2 genes. Group fed 1% Glut + omega-3 showed an increased total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase and super oxide dismutase enzymes activities with reduced levels of malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species and H2O2. Post-infection, dietary Glut and 1% omega-3 increased intestinal interleukin-10 (IL) and secretory immunoglobulin-A and serum lysozyme, while decreased the elevated inflammatory mediators comprising interleukin IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, nitric oxide (NO) and inducible NO synthase. Fecal oocyst excretion and lesions score severity were lowered in the group fed 1% Glut and omega 3. Based on these findings, dietary Glut and omega-3 supplementation augmented restored overall broilers\' performance after coccidial challenge.
摘要：
早期营养管理方法极大地影响肉鸡的生产性能和对球虫病的抗性。本研究探讨了用谷氨酰胺（Glut）和不同水平的omega-3组合进行孵化后喂养对肉鸡生长性能的影响，肌肉建设，肠屏障,抗氧化能力和对禽球虫病的保护。共六百Cobb500分为六组:第一组(饲喂基础饮食和未挑战(对照)和挑战(阴性对照,NC)组饲喂不含添加剂的基础日粮，其他组感染了艾美球虫，并在启动期单独补充了1.5％Glut或三种不同水平的omega-3（0.25、0.5和1％）。即使在球虫感染后，饲喂补充了过剩和1％omega3的基础饮食的组也观察到体重增加的显着改善（与攻击组相比增加了25％），而饲料转化率恢复到对照组。在补充了Glut和omega-3的组中，肌原蛋白得到了增强（肌原蛋白的上调，MyoD,雷帕霉素激酶和胰岛素样生长因子-1的机制靶标以及肌肉生长抑制素基因的下调）。补充了Glut和更高水平的omega-3高表达闭塞的组，粘蛋白2，连接粘附分子2，b-防御素1和导管素2基因。饲喂1%Glut+omega-3组显示总抗氧化能力和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性增加，丙二醛水平降低，活性氧和H2O2。感染后,饮食Glut和1%omega-3增加肠道白细胞介素-10（IL）和分泌性免疫球蛋白-A和血清溶菌酶，而降低升高的炎症介质，包括白细胞介素IL-6，肿瘤坏死因子-α，一氧化氮（NO）和诱导型NO合酶。饲喂1％Glut和omega3的组的粪便卵囊排泄和病变评分严重程度降低。基于这些发现,饮食中补充Glut和omega-3可增强球虫攻击后恢复的肉鸡整体表现。
