Abstract：
Lutein, a natural pigment with multiple beneficial bioactivities, faces limitations in food processing due to its instability. In this study, we constructed four modified walnut protein isolate (WNPI) based emulsions as emulsion-based delivery systems (EBDS) for lutein fortification. The modification treatments enhanced the encapsulation efficiency of the WNPI-based EBDS on lutein. The modified WNPI-based EBDS exhibited improved storage and digestive stability, as well as increased lutein delivery capability in simulated gastrointestinal conditions. After in vitro digestion, the lutein retention in the modified WNPI-based EBDS was higher than in the untreated WNPI-based EBDS, with a maximum retention of 49.67 ± 1.10 % achieved after ultrasonic modification. Furthermore, the modified WNPI-based EBDS exhibited an elevated lutein bioaccessibility, reaching a maximum value of 40.49 ± 1.29 % after ultrasonic modification, nearly twice as high as the untreated WNPI-based EBDS. Molecular docking analysis indicated a robust affinity between WNPI and lutein, involving hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions. Collectively, this study broadens WNPI\'s application and provides a foundation for fortifying other fat-soluble bioactive substances.
摘要：
叶黄素,一种具有多种有益生物活性的天然色素，由于其不稳定性，在食品加工中面临着局限性。在这项研究中,我们构建了四种基于改良核桃蛋白分离物（WNPI）的乳液作为基于乳液的递送系统（EBDS），用于叶黄素强化。改性处理提高了基于WNPI的EBDS对叶黄素的包封效率。改良的基于WNPI的EBDS表现出改善的储存和消化稳定性，以及在模拟胃肠道条件下增加的叶黄素输送能力。体外消化后，基于WNPI的改良EBDS中的叶黄素保留高于未处理的基于WNPI的EBDS，超声改性后的最大保留率为49.67±1.10％。此外，改良的基于WNPI的EBDS表现出提高的叶黄素生物可及性，超声改性后达到最大值40.49±1.29%，几乎是未经处理的基于WNPI的EBDS的两倍。分子对接分析表明WNPI和叶黄素之间具有强大的亲和力，涉及氢键和疏水相互作用。总的来说，本研究拓宽了WNPI的应用范围，为强化其他脂溶性生物活性物质奠定了基础。
