Abstract：
Viruses play a crucial role in aquatic ecosystems by regulating microbial composition and impacting biogeochemical cycling. While the response of viral diversity to the trophic status has been preliminarily explored in lake ecosystems, there is limited integrated exploration of the biogeography of viruses, host associations, and the auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs), particularly for plateau lakes. Therefore, this research investigated the viral biogeography, virus-host association, and AMGs in the surface waters of 11 lakes varying in trophic levels (eutrophic and oligo-mesotrophic) in the Yunnan-Guizhou plateau region of China. A total of 73,105 viral operational taxonomic units were obtained from 11 samples, with 84.8 % remaining unannotated at the family level, indicating a predominance of novel viruses within these lakes. The most abundant viral family was Kyanoviridae (24.4 %), recognized as a common cyanophage. The vast majority of cyanobacteria and several eukaryotic algae were predicted as hosts for the viruses, with a lytic lifestyle predominating the life strategy of these cyanophages, implying the potential influence of the virus on algae. The viral community structure significantly correlated with both trophic status and the bacterial community. The structure equation model analysis revealed chlorophyll a was the primary factor affecting viral communities. Moreover, numerous AMGs linked to carbon metabolism, phosphorus metabolism, sulfur metabolism, and photosynthesis were found in these lakes, some of which showed virus preference for the trophic statuses, suggesting a vital role of the virus in driving biogeochemical cycling in the lake crossing different nutrient levels. In addition, a restricted presence of viruses was found to infect humans or harbor antibiotic resistance genes in the lakes, suggesting a subtle yet potential link to human health. Overall, these findings offer insights into the response of viral communities to eutrophication and their potential role in biogeochemical cycling and controlling algal propagation.
摘要：
病毒通过调节微生物组成和影响生物地球化学循环在水生生态系统中起着至关重要的作用。虽然已经在湖泊生态系统中初步探索了病毒多样性对营养状态的反应，对病毒生物地理学的综合探索有限，主办协会,和辅助代谢基因（AMGs），特别是高原湖泊。因此,这项研究调查了病毒生物地理学，病毒-宿主协会，和AMG在中国云贵高原地区的11个营养级（富营养化和中营养低质）湖泊的地表水中。从11个样本中获得了总共73,105个病毒操作分类单位，84.8%的人在家庭层面没有注释，表明这些湖泊中新病毒占主导地位。最丰富的病毒家族是Kyanoviridae（24.4％），被认为是一种常见的嗜蓝体。绝大多数蓝细菌和几种真核藻类被预测为病毒的宿主，溶解的生活方式主导了这些蓝藻的生活策略，暗示病毒对藻类的潜在影响。病毒群落结构与营养状态和细菌群落显着相关。结构方程模型分析表明，叶绿素a是影响病毒群落的主要因素。此外，许多AMG与碳代谢有关，磷代谢，硫代谢，在这些湖泊中发现了光合作用，其中一些表现出病毒对营养状态的偏好，表明该病毒在驱动湖泊穿越不同营养水平的生物地球化学循环中的重要作用。此外,发现有限存在的病毒会感染人类或在湖泊中携带抗生素抗性基因，暗示了与人类健康的微妙而潜在的联系。总的来说,这些发现为病毒群落对富营养化的反应及其在生物地球化学循环和控制藻类繁殖中的潜在作用提供了见解。
