Abstract：
In order to know whether there is a risk of anisakiasis (or anisakidosis) by consumption of fish of the genus Mullus from the western Mediterranean Sea, which are appreciated for their quality, an epidemiological survey was carried out to evaluate the occurrence of zoonotic or potentially zoonotic nematodes in M. barbatus and M. surmuletus. Although the presence of the third larval stage (L3) of anisakids (Anisakis and Contracaecum) has been previously described in these fish, the results showed the absence of anisakids and the presence, never in muscle, of L3 and L4 of raphidascaridids of the genus Hysterothylacium, molecularly identified as H. fabri. Phylogenetic analysis groups them into the Mediterranean Sea clade, far from individuals isolated in the Pacific Ocean. Prevalence was slightly higher, but not significant, in M. barbatus versus M. surmuletus (72.3% vs 60.0%), but mean intensity (MI) and mean abundance (MA) parameters were approximately twice as high in M. barbatus as in M. surmuletus (MI 5.8 vs 2.8, p = .001; MA 4.2 vs 1.7, p < .001). The presence of the parasite seems to have different effects on these two sympatric species. In M. barbatus it seems to affect their growth, as it appreciably reduces the value of allometry coefficient in infected fish (2.78 vs. 2.18). On the other hand, in M. surmuletus the infection significantly (p < .04) affects the Fulton\'s condition factor, an indicator of the health status of the fish. It can be concluded that the ingestion of these fish by the people poses negligible risk of anisakiasis, but the consumer should continue to be urged to follow the rules of prevention against this illness.
摘要：
为了了解从地中海西部食用Mullus属鱼类是否存在anisakiasis（或anisakidosis）的风险，它们的质量受到赞赏，进行了流行病学调查，以评估人畜共患病或潜在人畜共患病线虫的发生。尽管先前已在这些鱼类中描述了anisakids（Anisakis和Contracaecum）的第三幼虫期（L3）的存在，结果显示没有anisakids和存在，从来没有肌肉，Hysterothylacium属raphidas的L3和L4，分子鉴定为H.fabri。系统发育分析将它们归入地中海进化枝，远离太平洋中孤立的个体。患病率略高，但并不重要，在巴巴图斯和苏穆莱特之间（72.3%和60.0%），但平均强度（MI）和平均丰度（MA）参数约为沙门菌的两倍（MI5.8vs2.8，p=.001；MA4.2vs1.7，p<.001）。寄生虫的存在似乎对这两种同胞物种有不同的影响。在M.barbatus，这似乎会影响他们的成长，因为它明显降低了受感染鱼类的异速测量系数的值(2.78vs.2.18).另一方面,在Surmuletus中，感染显著(p<.04)影响富尔顿的病情因子，鱼的健康状况的指标。可以得出结论，人们摄入这些鱼对anisakiasis的风险可以忽略不计，但是应该继续敦促消费者遵守预防这种疾病的规则。
