Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Under pollinator limitations, specialized pollination syndromes may evolve toward contrasting responses: a generalized syndrome with increased pollinator attraction, pollinator reward, and pollen transfer capacity; or the selfing syndrome with increased self-pollen deposition, but reduced pollinator attraction and pollen transfer capacity. The buzz-pollination syndrome is specialized to explore female vibrating bees as pollinators. However, vibrating bees become less-active pollinators at montane areas of the Atlantic Forest (AF) domain. This study investigated whether the specialized buzz-pollination syndrome would evolve toward an alternative floral syndrome in montane areas of the AF domain, considering a generalized and the selfing syndromes as alternative responses.
METHODS: We utilized a lineage within the buzz-pollinated Miconia as study system, contrasting floral traits between montane AF-endemic and non-endemic species. We measured and validated floral traits that were proxies for pollinator attraction, reward access, pollen transfer capacity, and self-pollen deposition. We inferred the evolution of floral trait via phylogenetic comparative methods.
RESULTS: AF-endemic species have selectively evolved greater reward access and more frequently had generalist pollination. Nonetheless, AF-endemic species also have selectively evolved toward lower pollen transfer capacity and greater self pollination. These patterns indicated a complex evolutionary process that has jointly favored a generalized and the selfing syndromes.
CONCLUSIONS: The buzz pollination syndrome can undergo an evolutionary disruption in montane areas of the AF domain. This floral syndrome is likely more labile than often assumed, allowing buzz-pollinated plants to reproduce in environments where vibrating bees are less-reliable pollinators.
METHODS: We utilized a lineage within the buzz-pollinated Miconia as study system, contrasting floral traits between montane AF-endemic and non-endemic species. We measured and validated floral traits that were proxies for pollinator attraction, reward access, pollen transfer capacity, and self-pollen deposition. We inferred the evolution of floral trait via phylogenetic comparative methods.
RESULTS: AF-endemic species have selectively evolved greater reward access and more frequently had generalist pollination. Nonetheless, AF-endemic species also have selectively evolved toward lower pollen transfer capacity and greater self pollination. These patterns indicated a complex evolutionary process that has jointly favored a generalized and the selfing syndromes.
CONCLUSIONS: The buzz pollination syndrome can undergo an evolutionary disruption in montane areas of the AF domain. This floral syndrome is likely more labile than often assumed, allowing buzz-pollinated plants to reproduce in environments where vibrating bees are less-reliable pollinators.
摘要：
目标：在授粉者的限制下，专门的授粉综合征可能会朝着相反的反应发展：一种具有授粉媒介吸引力增加的广义综合征，传粉者奖励,和花粉转移能力；或自交综合征，自交花粉沉积增加，但降低了传粉者的吸引力和花粉转移能力。蜂鸣授粉综合征专门用于探索雌性振动蜜蜂作为传粉者。然而,在大西洋森林（AF）领域的山地地区，振动蜜蜂变得不那么活跃的传粉者。这项研究调查了在AF领域的山地地区，专门的嗡嗡声授粉综合征是否会向替代花卉综合征发展。将广义和自交综合征视为替代反应。
方法：我们利用蜂鸣授粉的米孔尼亚中的一个谱系作为研究系统，山地AF特有物种和非特有物种之间的花卉性状对比。我们测量并验证了作为传粉媒介吸引代理的花卉性状，奖励访问，花粉传递能力,和自花粉沉积。我们通过系统发育比较方法推断了花卉性状的进化。
结果：AF特有物种选择性地进化出了更大的奖励途径，并且更频繁地进行了通才授粉。尽管如此，AF特有物种也选择性地向较低的花粉转移能力和较大的自花授粉进化。这些模式表明了一个复杂的进化过程，该过程共同有利于广义和自交综合征。
结论：蜂鸣授粉综合征可在AF域的山地区域发生进化破坏。这种花综合征可能比通常认为的更不稳定，允许蜂鸣授粉的植物在振动蜜蜂不太可靠的传粉者的环境中繁殖。
方法：我们利用蜂鸣授粉的米孔尼亚中的一个谱系作为研究系统，山地AF特有物种和非特有物种之间的花卉性状对比。我们测量并验证了作为传粉媒介吸引代理的花卉性状，奖励访问，花粉传递能力,和自花粉沉积。我们通过系统发育比较方法推断了花卉性状的进化。
结果：AF特有物种选择性地进化出了更大的奖励途径，并且更频繁地进行了通才授粉。尽管如此，AF特有物种也选择性地向较低的花粉转移能力和较大的自花授粉进化。这些模式表明了一个复杂的进化过程，该过程共同有利于广义和自交综合征。
结论：蜂鸣授粉综合征可在AF域的山地区域发生进化破坏。这种花综合征可能比通常认为的更不稳定，允许蜂鸣授粉的植物在振动蜜蜂不太可靠的传粉者的环境中繁殖。
