Abstract：
Pulmonary toxicity is a serious side effect of some specific anticancer drugs. Bleomycin is a well-known anticancer drug that triggers severe reactions in the lungs. It is an approved drug that may be prescribed for the treatment of testicular cancers, Hodgkin\'s and non-Hodgkin\'s lymphomas, ovarian cancer, head and neck cancers, and cervical cancer. A large number of experimental studies and clinical findings show that bleomycin can concentrate in lung tissue, leading to massive oxidative stress, alveolar epithelial cell death, the proliferation of fibroblasts, and finally the infiltration of immune cells. Chronic release of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic molecules by immune cells and fibroblasts leads to pneumonitis and fibrosis. Both fibrosis and pneumonitis are serious concerns for patients who receive bleomycin and may lead to death. Therefore, the management of lung toxicity following cancer therapy with bleomycin is a critical issue. This review explains the cellular and molecular mechanisms of pulmonary injury following treatment with bleomycin. Furthermore, we review therapeutic targets and possible promising strategies for ameliorating bleomycin-induced lung injury.
摘要：
肺毒性是一些特定抗癌药物的严重副作用。博来霉素是一种众所周知的抗癌药物，可引发肺部严重反应。它是一种批准的药物，可以用于治疗睾丸癌，霍奇金淋巴瘤和非霍奇金淋巴瘤,卵巢癌,头颈癌,还有宫颈癌.大量的实验研究和临床发现表明,博来霉素可以在肺组织中浓缩,导致大量的氧化应激，肺泡上皮细胞死亡，成纤维细胞的增殖，最后是免疫细胞的浸润。免疫细胞和成纤维细胞慢性释放促炎和促纤维化分子导致肺炎和纤维化。对于接受博来霉素的患者，纤维化和肺炎都是严重的问题，并可能导致死亡。因此,博莱霉素治疗癌症后肺毒性的处理是一个关键问题.这篇综述解释了博来霉素治疗后肺损伤的细胞和分子机制。此外，我们综述了改善博莱霉素诱导的肺损伤的治疗靶点和可能的有希望的策略.
