Abstract：
Pregnancy and motherhood are some of the most physically and mentally challenging periods in a woman\'s life. The aim of current study was to examine aspects of cognitive functions in pregnancy and motherhood that are controversial in the literature. The study included 30 healthy pregnant women aged between 18-40 years in their second and third trimesters, 30 healthy controls (nulliparous and non-pregnant women) and 30 healthy mothers matched with the pregnant women for age, handedness and education level. Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, Trail Making, Stroop, Digit Span, Verbal Fluency and Rey Auditory and Verbal Learning Tests (RAVLT) were applied to all participants. The pregnant group showed significantly lower performance in trail making, digit span, verbal fluency as well as RAVLT compared to other two groups suggesting deficiencies in cognitive areas such as attention, set-shifting, planning, learning, language functions, semantic memory, working memory, encoding memory and retrieval. A trend toward increased function in response inhibition was observed in the mothers. Regression analyses revealed that pregnancy significantly decreased performance in verbal fluency, trail making, and RAVLT. Our findings from rigorously selected participants may help comprehend alterations in cognitive functioning during pregnancy and motherhood, as well as shed light on the contradictory literature.
摘要：
怀孕和母亲是女性一生中最具身心挑战性的时期。本研究的目的是研究在文献中有争议的怀孕和母亲的认知功能方面。该研究包括30名年龄在18-40岁之间的健康孕妇，他们的第二和第三个三个月，30名健康对照（未产和非孕妇）和30名与孕妇年龄相匹配的健康母亲，手法和教育水平。爱丁堡产后抑郁量表，汉密尔顿抑郁量表，汉密尔顿焦虑量表，TrailMaking,Stroop,数字跨度,对所有参与者应用言语流利度和Rey听觉和言语学习测试（RAVLT）。怀孕组表现出明显较低的跟踪性能，数字跨度,与其他两组相比，口头流畅性和RAVLT表明在注意力等认知领域存在缺陷，设定换档,规划,学习,语言功能,语义记忆，工作记忆,编码记忆和检索。在母亲中观察到反应抑制功能增加的趋势。回归分析显示，怀孕显著降低了言语流畅性，跟踪制作,和RAVLT。我们从严格选择的参与者的发现可能有助于理解怀孕和母亲期间认知功能的改变，以及阐明矛盾的文学。
