Abstract：
Although the need to train clinicians to provide effective mental health care to individuals from diverse backgrounds has been recognized worldwide, a bulk of what we know about training in cultural competence (CC) is based on research conducted in the United States. Research on CC in mental health training from different world populations is needed due to the context-dependent nature of CC. Focusing on India and USA, two diverse countries that provide complementary contexts to examine CC, we explored graduate students\', practicing clinicians\', and faculty members\' perspectives regarding CC training they received/provided and future training needs using mixed-methods. The data were collected using focus groups (n = 25 groups total: 15 in India, 11 in USA), and a survey (n = 800: 450 in India, 350 in USA). Our data highlight the salient social identities in these countries, and the corresponding constituents of CC training. Participants in India described a practical emphasis to their CC training (e.g., learning about CC through life experiences and clinical practice experiences) more so than through coursework, whereas participants in USA described varying levels of coursework related to CC along with practice. Participants in both countries considered enormity of CC as a challenge, while those in the US also identified CC training limited to a white, straight, male perspective, hesitancy in engaging with diversity topics, and limited time and competence of the faculty. Strengths of CC training in India and USA are mutually informative in generating recommendations for enhancing the training in both countries.
摘要：
尽管全世界都认识到需要培训临床医生为来自不同背景的个人提供有效的精神保健服务，我们所知道的关于文化能力培训（CC）的大部分是基于在美国进行的研究。由于CC的环境依赖性，需要对来自不同世界人群的心理健康培训中的CC进行研究。专注于印度和美国，两个不同的国家提供互补的背景来检查CC，我们探索了研究生，执业临床医生，和教职员工对他们接受/提供的CC培训以及使用混合方法的未来培训需求的看法。数据是使用焦点小组收集的（n=25组：印度15组，11在美国），和一项调查(n=800:450在印度，350在美国）。我们的数据突出了这些国家的显著社会身份，以及CC培训的相应组成部分。印度的与会者描述了他们对CC培训的实际强调(例如，通过生活经验和临床实践经验学习CC)比通过课程作业更多，而美国的参与者描述了与CC相关的不同水平的课程以及实践。两国的与会者都认为CC的巨大挑战，虽然美国的人也认为CC培训仅限于白人，直,男性视角,在参与多样性主题时犹豫不决，和有限的时间和能力的教师。在印度和美国，CC培训的优势可以相互提供信息，为加强两国的培训提供建议。
