Abstract：
Nowadays, lasers are used in various medical fields. Ophthalmology was the first medical specialty to utilize lasers in patient treatment and still remains the leading medical field that uses laser energy for both therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. The neodymium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd: YAG) laser is one of the most common lasers used in ophthalmology. It is a solid-state laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm that works on the principle of photodisruption. Since its introduction in ophthalmology over 40 years ago, it has found various applications, mainly for procedures where cutting or disruption of ocular tissue is required. Compared to surgical alternatives, the use of Nd: YAG lasers on ocular tissue is minimally invasive. In this review, we focus on the two most common ophthalmic applications of Nd: YAG laser - laser peripheral iridotomy and posterior capsulotomy. The history of the techniques, current trends, potential complications, and the prognosis for future use is discussed.
摘要：
如今,激光用于各种医疗领域。眼科学是第一个在患者治疗中使用激光的医学专业，并且仍然是将激光能量用于治疗和诊断目的的领先医学领域。钕:钇-铝-石榴石(Nd:YAG)激光器是眼科中最常用的激光器之一。它是一种波长为1064nm的固态激光器，其工作原理是光致破裂。自从40多年前被引入眼科以来，它已经找到了各种应用，主要用于需要切割或破坏眼组织的程序。与手术替代方案相比，在眼组织上使用Nd:YAG激光是微创的。在这次审查中,我们关注最常见的两种眼科应用：Nd:YAG激光-激光周边虹膜切开术和后囊切开术。技术的历史，当前趋势,潜在的并发症,并讨论了未来使用的预后。
