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Abstract：
Climate change is known to affect the distribution and composition of species, but concomitant alterations to functionally important aspects of behaviour and species-environment relations are poorly constrained. Here, we examine the ecosystem ramifications of changes in sediment-dwelling invertebrate bioturbation behaviour-a key process mediating nutrient cycling-associated with near-future environmental conditions (+ 1.5 °C, 550 ppm [pCO2]) for species from polar regions experiencing rapid rates of climate change. We find that responses to warming and acidification vary between species and lead to a reduction in intra-specific variability in behavioural trait expression that adjusts the magnitude and direction of nutrient concentrations. Our analyses also indicate that species behaviour is not predetermined, but can be dependent on local variations in environmental history that set population capacities for phenotypic plasticity. We provide evidence that certain, but subtle, aspects of inter- and intra-specific variation in behavioural trait expression, rather than the presence or proportional representation of species per se, is an important and under-appreciated determinant of benthic biogeochemical responses to climate change. Such changes in species behaviour may act as an early warning for impending ecological transitions associated with progressive climate forcing.
摘要：
众所周知，气候变化会影响物种的分布和组成，但是对行为和物种与环境关系的功能重要方面的伴随改变受到的限制很小。这里,我们研究了居住在沉积物中的无脊椎动物生物扰动行为变化的生态系统影响，这是介导养分循环的关键过程，与不久的将来的环境条件（1.5°C，550ppm[pCO2]）来自极地地区的物种经历了快速的气候变化。我们发现，对变暖和酸化的反应在物种之间有所不同，并导致行为性状表达的特异性内变异性降低，从而调节养分浓度的大小和方向。我们的分析还表明，物种行为不是预先确定的，但可能取决于环境历史的局部变化，这些变化为表型可塑性设定了种群能力。我们提供的证据表明，但微妙，行为特征表达的特定间和特定内变化的方面，而不是物种本身的存在或比例代表，是底栖生物地球化学对气候变化的响应的重要且未得到重视的决定因素。物种行为的这种变化可以作为与渐进气候强迫相关的即将发生的生态转变的预警。
