PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The human colonization of the Canary Islands represents the sole known expansion of Berber communities into the Atlantic Ocean and is an example of marine dispersal carried out by an African population. While this island colonization shows similarities to the populating of other islands across the world, several questions still need to be answered before this case can be included in wider debates regarding patterns of initial colonization and human settlement, human-environment interactions, and the emergence of island identities. Specifically, the chronology of the first human settlement of the Canary Islands remains disputed due to differing estimates of the timing of its first colonization. This absence of a consensus has resulted in divergent hypotheses regarding the motivations that led early settlers to migrate to the islands, e.g., ecological or demographic. Distinct motivations would imply differences in the strategies and dynamics of colonization; thus, identifying them is crucial to understanding how these populations developed in such environments. In response, the current study assembles a comprehensive dataset of the most reliable radiocarbon dates, which were used for building Bayesian models of colonization. The findings suggest that i) the Romans most likely discovered the islands around the 1st century BCE; ii) Berber groups from western North Africa first set foot on one of the islands closest to the African mainland sometime between the 1st and 3rd centuries CE; iii) Roman and Berber societies did not live simultaneously in the Canary Islands; and iv) the Berber people rapidly spread throughout the archipelago.
摘要：
加那利群岛的人类殖民代表了柏柏尔人社区向大西洋的唯一已知扩张，是非洲人口进行海洋扩散的一个例子。虽然这种岛屿殖民与世界其他岛屿的人口相似，在将此案纳入有关初始殖民和人类定居模式的更广泛辩论之前，仍需要回答几个问题，人与环境的相互作用，以及岛屿身份的出现。具体来说,由于对加那利群岛第一次殖民时间的不同估计，加那利群岛第一次人类定居点的时间顺序仍然存在争议。缺乏共识导致关于导致早期定居者移民到这些岛屿的动机的不同假设，例如，生态或人口。不同的动机将意味着殖民战略和动态的差异；因此，识别它们对于理解这些种群如何在这样的环境中发展至关重要。作为回应,目前的研究汇集了一个最可靠的放射性碳数据的综合数据集，用于建立定殖的贝叶斯模型。研究结果表明，i）罗马人最有可能在公元前1世纪左右发现了这些岛屿；ii）北非西部的柏柏尔人群体首先在公元1世纪至3世纪之间的某个时候踏上了距离非洲大陆最近的一个岛屿；iii）罗马人和柏柏尔人社会没有同时生活在加那利群岛；iv）柏柏柏尔人迅速传播到整个群岛。
