Abstract：
This study aimed to quantify risk of hospitalisations for kidney diseases related to ambient temperature in Central Australia, Northern Territory (NT). Daily hospitalisation data were extracted for Alice Springs Hospital, Central Australia, 2010-2021. The association between daily mean temperature and daily hospital admissions for total kidney and specific kidney conditions was assessed using a quasi-Poisson Generalized Linear Model combined with a distributed lag non-linear model. A total of 52,057 hospitalisations associated with kidney diseases were recorded. In general, risk of specific kidney related hospitalisations was immediate due to hot temperatures and prolonged due to cold temperatures. Relative to the minimum-risk temperature (5.1 °C), at 31 °C, cumulative relative risk (RR) of hospitalisations for total kidney disease (TKD) was 1.297 [95% CI 1.164,1.446] over lag0-1 days, for chronic kidney disease (CKD) cumulative RR was 1.269 [95% CI 1.115,1.444] and for kidney failure (KF) cumulative RR was 1.252 [95% CI 1.107,1.416] at lag 0, and for urinary tract infection (UTI) cumulative RR was 1.522 [95% CI 1.072,2.162] over lag0-7 days. At 16 °C and over lag0-7 days, cumulative RR of hospitalisations for TKD was 1.320 [95% CI 1.135,1.535], for CKD was 1.232 [95% CI 1.025,1.482], for RF was 1.233 [95% CI 1.035,1.470] and for UTI was 1.597 [95% CI 1.143, 2.231]. Both cold and hot temperatures were also associated with increased risks of kidney related total hospitalisations among First Nations Australians and women. Overall, temperature attributable to 13.7% (i.e. 7138 cases) of kidney related hospitalisations with higher attributable hospitalisations from cold temperature. Given the significant burden of kidney disease and projected increases in extreme temperatures associated with climate change in NT including Central Australia there is a need to implement public health and environmental health risk reduction strategies and awareness programs to mitigate potential adverse health effects of extreme temperatures.
摘要：
这项研究旨在量化与澳大利亚中部环境温度相关的肾脏疾病的住院风险。北领地（NT）。每日住院数据为爱丽丝泉医院提取，澳大利亚中部,2010-2021年。使用准泊松广义线性模型结合分布式滞后非线性模型来评估每日平均温度与总肾脏和特定肾脏状况的每日住院率之间的关联。总共记录了52,057例与肾脏疾病相关的住院治疗。总的来说,特定肾脏相关住院治疗的风险是由于高温而立即发生的,而由于低温而延长的.相对于最低风险温度（5.1°C），在31°C，在lag0-1天内，总肾脏病（TKD）住院的累积相对风险（RR）为1.297[95%CI1.164,1.446]，慢性肾脏病(CKD)累积RR为1.269[95%CI1.115,1.444],肾衰竭(KF)累积RR为1.252[95%CI1.107,1.416],尿路感染(UTI)累积RR为1.522[95%CI1.072,2.162]。在16°C和超过lag0-7天，TKD住院累积RR为1.320[95%CI1.135,1.535]，CKD为1.232[95%CI1.025,1.482]，RF为1.233[95%CI1.035,1.470]，UTI为1.597[95%CI1.143,2.231]。在澳大利亚原住民和妇女中，寒冷和炎热的温度也与肾脏相关的总住院风险增加有关。总的来说,温度可归因于13.7%(即7,138例)的肾脏相关住院治疗，而较高的归因于寒冷温度的住院治疗。鉴于肾脏疾病的重大负担以及与包括澳大利亚中部在内的新界气候变化相关的极端温度的预计增加，有必要实施公共卫生和环境健康风险降低策略和意识计划，以减轻极端温度对健康的潜在不利影响。
