Abstract：
BACKGROUND: In the United States, the lifetime prevalence of depression in the US population is 20.6 %. We aimed to understand the temporal trends in the prevalence of depression among adults in the United States during the period 2013-2022 as well as the effects of age, period, and cohort effects on the prevalence of depression.
METHODS: Data from 3,139,488 participants in the U.S. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) from 2013 to 2022 were used in this study. The joinpoint regression model was used to calculate annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC) to learn about the time trends in the prevalence of depression. Age-period-cohort models were used to estimate the effects of age, period, and birth cohort effects on the prevalence of depression.
RESULTS: The prevalence of depression among adults in the United States showed an overall increasing trend from 2013 to 2022. The rate of increase was greater in males than females, with AAPC values of 1.44 % (95 % CI: 0.32-2.18), and 1.23 % (95 % CI: 0.32-2.25), respectively. Regarding the age effect, the risk of depression among adults in the United States generally showed an increasing and then decreasing trend with age. The risk of developing the condition reached its maximum at 50-54 years (RR = 1.28, 95 % CI = 1.26-1.30). Regarding the period effect, the risk of depression among US adults was higher during 2018-2022 than during 2013-2017. The overall cohort effect for depression prevalence was a higher risk for those born later, with a maximum RR of 1.51 (95 % CI: 1.47-1.54).
CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of adult depression in the United States is showing an increasing trend. Middle-aged people and those born later in life deserve more attention as high-risk groups. It is recommended that the condition burden of depression be reduced with the promotion of healthy lifestyles, the promotion of interpersonal communication, as well as enhanced mental health education and mental health literacy.
METHODS: Data from 3,139,488 participants in the U.S. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) from 2013 to 2022 were used in this study. The joinpoint regression model was used to calculate annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC) to learn about the time trends in the prevalence of depression. Age-period-cohort models were used to estimate the effects of age, period, and birth cohort effects on the prevalence of depression.
RESULTS: The prevalence of depression among adults in the United States showed an overall increasing trend from 2013 to 2022. The rate of increase was greater in males than females, with AAPC values of 1.44 % (95 % CI: 0.32-2.18), and 1.23 % (95 % CI: 0.32-2.25), respectively. Regarding the age effect, the risk of depression among adults in the United States generally showed an increasing and then decreasing trend with age. The risk of developing the condition reached its maximum at 50-54 years (RR = 1.28, 95 % CI = 1.26-1.30). Regarding the period effect, the risk of depression among US adults was higher during 2018-2022 than during 2013-2017. The overall cohort effect for depression prevalence was a higher risk for those born later, with a maximum RR of 1.51 (95 % CI: 1.47-1.54).
CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of adult depression in the United States is showing an increasing trend. Middle-aged people and those born later in life deserve more attention as high-risk groups. It is recommended that the condition burden of depression be reduced with the promotion of healthy lifestyles, the promotion of interpersonal communication, as well as enhanced mental health education and mental health literacy.
摘要：
背景：在美国，在美国人群中,抑郁症的终生患病率为20.6%.我们旨在了解2013-2022年期间美国成年人抑郁症患病率的时间趋势以及年龄的影响，period,和队列对抑郁症患病率的影响。
方法：本研究使用了2013年至2022年美国行为风险因素监测系统（BRFSS）中3,139,488名参与者的数据。采用连接点回归模型计算年百分比变化(APC)和年平均百分比变化(AAPC),了解抑郁症患病率的时间变化趋势。使用年龄-时期-队列模型来估计年龄的影响，period,和出生队列对抑郁症患病率的影响。
结果：从2013年到2022年，美国成年人的抑郁症患病率总体呈增长趋势。男性的增长率高于女性，AAPC值为1.44%（95%CI：0.32-2.18），和1.23%（95%CI：0.32-2.25），分别。关于年龄效应,美国成年人患抑郁症的风险总体上呈随年龄增长后下降的趋势.发生这种情况的风险在50-54年达到最大值（RR=1.28，95％CI=1.26-1.30）。关于期间效应，2018-2022年美国成年人患抑郁症的风险高于2013-2017年.抑郁症患病率的总体队列效应是出生较晚的人的风险更高，最大RR为1.51（95%CI：1.47-1.54）。
结论：美国成人抑郁症的患病率呈现上升趋势。中年人和晚年出生的人作为高危人群值得更多关注。建议通过提倡健康的生活方式来减轻抑郁症的病情负担,促进人际交往，以及加强心理健康教育和心理健康素养。
方法：本研究使用了2013年至2022年美国行为风险因素监测系统（BRFSS）中3,139,488名参与者的数据。采用连接点回归模型计算年百分比变化(APC)和年平均百分比变化(AAPC),了解抑郁症患病率的时间变化趋势。使用年龄-时期-队列模型来估计年龄的影响，period,和出生队列对抑郁症患病率的影响。
结果：从2013年到2022年，美国成年人的抑郁症患病率总体呈增长趋势。男性的增长率高于女性，AAPC值为1.44%（95%CI：0.32-2.18），和1.23%（95%CI：0.32-2.25），分别。关于年龄效应,美国成年人患抑郁症的风险总体上呈随年龄增长后下降的趋势.发生这种情况的风险在50-54年达到最大值（RR=1.28，95％CI=1.26-1.30）。关于期间效应，2018-2022年美国成年人患抑郁症的风险高于2013-2017年.抑郁症患病率的总体队列效应是出生较晚的人的风险更高，最大RR为1.51（95%CI：1.47-1.54）。
结论：美国成人抑郁症的患病率呈现上升趋势。中年人和晚年出生的人作为高危人群值得更多关注。建议通过提倡健康的生活方式来减轻抑郁症的病情负担,促进人际交往，以及加强心理健康教育和心理健康素养。
