Abstract：
The gut microbiota and neurological development of neonatal mice are susceptible to environmental factors that may lead to altered behavior into adulthood. However, the role that changed gut microbiota and neurodevelopment early in life play in this needs to be clarified. In this study, by modeling early-life environmental changes by cross-fostering BALB/c mice, we revealed the effects of the environment during the critical period of postnatal development on adult social behavior and their relationship with the gut microbiota and the nervous system. The neural projections exist between the ascending colon and oxytocin neurons in the paraventricular nuclei (PVN), peripheral oxytocin levels and PVN neuron numbers decreased after cross-fostering, and sex-specific alteration in gut microbiota and its metabolites may be involved in social impairments and immune imbalances brought by cross-fostering via the gut-brain axis. Our findings also suggest that social cognitive impairment may result from a combination of PVN oxytocinergic neurons, gut microbiota, and metabolites.
摘要：
新生小鼠的肠道微生物群和神经系统发育易受环境因素的影响，这些环境因素可能导致成年后的行为改变。然而,在生命早期改变肠道菌群和神经发育的作用需要澄清.在这项研究中,通过交叉培养BALB/c小鼠对早期生命环境变化进行建模，我们揭示了出生后发育关键时期环境对成人社会行为的影响及其与肠道菌群和神经系统的关系。神经投射存在于升结肠和室旁核（PVN）的催产素神经元之间，交叉培养后外周催产素水平和PVN神经元数量减少，肠道微生物群及其代谢物的性别特异性改变可能与通过肠-脑轴交叉培养带来的社交障碍和免疫失衡有关。我们的发现还表明，社交认知障碍可能是由PVN催产素能神经元的组合引起的，肠道菌群，和代谢物。
